
CAS Name: 5-[[4-[(3,4-Dihydro-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)methoxy]phenyl]methyl]-2,4-thiazolidinedione
Additional Names: (±)-5-[4-[(6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchro...
Literature References: Oral hypoglycemic agent which improves insulin sensitivity and decreases hepatic glucose production. Prepn: JP Kokai 85 51189; T. Yoshioka et al., US 4572912 (1985, 1986 both to Sankyo); T. Yoshioka et al., J. Med. Chem. 32, 421 (1989). Mechanism of action studies: T. P. Ciaraldi et al., Metabolism 39, 1056 (1990); M. Kellerer et al., Diabetes 43, 447 (1994). Clinical evaluation: T. Kuzuya et al., Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 11, 147 (1991). Clinical metabolic effects: S. L. Suter et al., Diabetes Care 15, 193 (1992).
CAS Name: N,N-Dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide
Additional Names: 1,1-dimethylbiguanide; N,N-dimethyldiguanide; N'-dimethylguanylguanidine; DMGGPercent Composition: C 37.20%, H 8.58%, N 54.22...
Literature References: Oral hypoglycemic agent. Prepn: Werner, Bell, J. Chem. Soc. 121, 1790 (1922); Shapiro et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 3728 (1959). Use as antidiabetic: J. J. Sterne, US 3174901 (1965 to Jan Marcel Didier Aron-Samuel). Toxicity: Rx Bulletin 3, 25 (1972). Determn in plasma: S. AbuRuz et al., J. Chromatogr. B 798, 203 (2003). Clinical pharmacokinetics: G. T. Tucker et al., Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 12, 235 (1981). Review of pharmacology: L. S. Hermann, Diabete Metab. 5, 233-245 (1979). Metabolic effects and mechanism of action study: M. Stumvoll et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 333, 550 (1995). Review of efficacy in polycystic ovary syndrome: J. M. Lord et al., Br. Med. J. 327, 951-955 (2003); in type 2 diabetes mellitus: S. M. Setter et al., Clin. Ther. 25, 2991-3026 (2003).
CAS Name: (2S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2R)-Aminophenylacetyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid [[[(2S,5R)-3,3-dimethyl-4,4-dioxido-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]he...
Literature References: Orally absorbed double ester of sulbactam and ampicillin, q.q.v. Prepn: E. C. Bigham, DE 3018590; eidem, US 4244951 (1980, 1981 both to Pfizer); and pharmacology: B. Baltzer et al., J. Antibiot. 33, 1183 (1980). HPLC determn and pharmacokinetics: H. J. Rogers et al., J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 11, 435 (1983). Clinical trial in pediatric otitis media: K. H. Chan et al., Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 12, 24 (1993). Review of antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy: H. A. Friedel et al., Drugs 37, 491-522 (1989).
CAS Name: 2-Amino-1,9-dihydro-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6H-purin-6-one
Additional Names: acycloguanosine; 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanineTrademarks: Acicloftal (Bruschettini); Avirase (Lam...
Literature References: Orally active acyclic nucleoside with inhibitory activity towards several herpes viruses. Prepn: H. J. Schaeffer, DE 2539963; idem, US 4199574 (1976, 1980 to Wellcome). Convenient synthesis from guanine: H. Matsumoto et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 36, 1153 (1988). Selectivity of action: G. B. Elion et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 5716 (1977). Chemistry, antiviral activity, metabolism: H. J. Schaeffer et al., Nature 272, 583 (1978). In vitro activity: P. Collins, D. J. Bauer, J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 5, 431 (1979). Effect on herpes simplex infections in mice: H. J. Field et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 15, 554 (1979); on herpes zoster in immunocompromised patients: H. H. Balfour et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 308, 1448 (1983). Treatment of primary episodes of genital herpes simplex infection: Y. J. Bryson et al., ibid. 916; of recurrent genital herpes: S. E. Straus et al., ibid. 310, 1545 (1984); J. M. Douglas et al., ibid. 1551. HPLC determn in serum and clinical pharmacokinetics: G. Bahrami et al., J. Chromatogr. B 816, 327 (2005). Symposia on pharmacology and clinical studies: Am. J. Med. 73, Suppl. 1A, 1-392 (1982); J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 12, Suppl. B, 1-202 (1983); Scand. J. Infect. Dis. Suppl. 47, 1-176 (1985). Review: R. J. Whitley, J. W. Gnann, Jr., N. Engl. J. Med. 327, 782-789 (1992).
CAS Name: N-[[6-Methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1-naphthalenyl]thioxomethyl]-N-methylglycine
Additional Names: tolrestatinTrademarks: Alredase (Am. Home); Lorestat (Recordati)
Percent Compositio...
Literature References: Orally active aldose reductase inhibitor. Prepn and pharmacology: K. Sestanj et al., EP 59596 (1982 to Ayerst); eidem, J. Med. Chem. 27, 255 (1984). Prevention of cataracts in galactosemic rats: N. Simard-Duquesne et al., Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 178, 599 (1985). Kinetics and metabolism in man: D. R. Hicks et al., Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 36, 493 (1984). Ultraviolet and HPLC determn in serum: D. R. Hicks, M. Kraml, Ther. Drug Monit. 6, 328 (1984). Effect on erythrocyte sorbitol levels in diabetic patients: P. Raskin et al., Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 38, 625 (1985).
CAS Name: (2S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2R)-Aminophenylacetyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid (5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methyl ester
Additional Names: ampi...
Literature References: Orally active ampicillin prodrug. Prepn: F. Sakamoto et al., EP 39086; eidem, US 4342693 (1981, 1982 both to Kanebo); F. Sakamoto et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 32, 2241 (1984); S. Ikeda et al., ibid. 4316. Metabolism in man, dogs, rats: N. Awata et al., Jpn. J. Antibiot. 38, 1776, 1785, C.A. 104, 161479u, 122550r (1985). Human pharmacokinetics: A. Saito, M. Nakashima, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 29, 948 (1986). Series of articles on antibacterial activity, mutagenicity, pharmacology, clinical trials: Chemotherapy (Tokyo) 32, Suppl. 8, pp 1-772 (1984). Acute toxicity data: F. Ogino et al., ibid. 31.
CAS Name: (S)-1-[N2-(1-Carboxy-3-phenylpropyl)-L-lysyl]-L-proline dihydrateTrademarks: Acerbon (AstraZeneca); Alapril (Mediolanum); Carace (BMS); Coric (BMS); Novatec (Merck Co.); Prinil (Merck ...
Literature References: Orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Prepn: A. A. Patchett et al., EP 12401; E. E. Harris et al., US 4374829 (1980, 1983 both to Merck Co.); M. T. Wu et al., J. Pharm. Sci. 74, 352 (1985). Comprehensive description: D. P. Ip et al., Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip. 21, 233-276 (1992). HPLC determn in urine: Y. C. Wong, B. G. Charles, J. Chromatogr. B 673, 306 (1995). Series of articles in hypertension and congestive heart failure: Am. J. Med. 85, Suppl. 3B, 1-59 (1988). Review of clinical efficacy in myocardial infarction: K. L. Goa et al., Drugs 52, 564-588 (1996). Clinical trial in diabetic retinopathy: N. Chaturvedi et al., Lancet 351, 28 (1998).
CAS Name: (7S,9S)-9-Acetyl-7-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-a-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,9,11-trihydroxy-5,12-naphthacenedione
Additional Names: (1S,3S)-3-acetyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hex...
Literature References: Orally active anthracycline; analog of daunorubicin, q.v. Prepn: B. Patelli et al. DE 2525633; eidem, US 4046878 (1976, 1977 both to Soc. Farmac. Ital.); and antitumor activity: F. Arcamone et al., Cancer Treat. Rep. 60, 829 (1976). Total synthesis for larger scale preparation: M. J. Broadhurst et al., Chem. Commun. 1982, 158. Synthesis of optically pure isomers: Y. Kimura et al., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 59, 423 (1986). Metabolism and biodistribution in rats: G. Zini et al., Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 16, 107 (1986). HPLC determn in plasma: S. S. N. De Graaf et al., J. Chromatogr. 491, 501 (1989). Clinical pharmacokinetics: H. C. Gillies et al., Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 23, 303 (1987). Clinical evaluation of cardiac toxicity: F. Villani et al., Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 25, 13 (1989). Reviews of pharmacology and antitumor efficacy: A. M. Casazza, Cancer Treat. Rep. 63, 835-844 (1979); F. Ganzina et al., Invest. New Drugs 4, 85-105 (1986). Symposium on clinical experience in acute leukemias: Semin. Oncol. 17, Suppl. 2, 1-36 (1989).
CAS Name: 1-[3-[4-(Diphenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one
Additional Names: 1-[3-[4-(diphenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]propyl]-2-benzimidazolinoneTrademarks: Celtec...
Literature References: Orally active anti-allergic agent, related structurally to cinnarizine, q.v., and having a novel biphasic mode of action. Prepn: J. Vandenberk et al., DE 2714437; eidem, US 4250176 (1977, 1981 both to Janssen). Inhibition of release and effects of allergic mediators: F. Awouters et al., Experientia 33, 1657 (1977). In vitro study of inhibition and stimulation of histamine release: M. K. Church et al., Agents Actions 10, 4 (1980). In vivo study: S. Gatti et al., Br. J. Dermatol. 103, 671 (1980). Clinical studies: S. W. Barham, F. Moran, Br. J. Clin. Pract. 34, 323 (1980); E. F. Juniper et al., Clin. Allergy 11, 61 (1981); W. Peremans et al., Dermatologia 162, 42 (1981). Review of pharmacological and clinical studies: D. M. Richards et al., Drugs 27, 210 (1984).
CAS Name: 2-[[3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]amino]benzoic acid
Additional Names: N-(3',4'-dimethoxycinnamoyl)anthranilic acidTrademarks: Rizaben (Kissei)
Percent Composition: C 66...
Literature References: Orally active anti-allergic agent. Prepn: K. Harita et al., DE 2402398; idem, US 3940422 (1974, 1976 both to Kissei). Pharmacological properties: H. Azuma et al., Br. J. Pharmacol. 58, 483 (1976). Mechanism of action study: Y. Iijima et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 93, 912 (1980). Clinical study in pediatric bronchial asthma: H. Shioda, Allergy 34, 213 (1979). Toxicity studies: M. Nakazawa et al., Oyo Yakuri 12, 385, 407 (1976), C.A. 88, 115327-8 (1978). Series of articles on teratogenicity tests: Iyakuhin Kenkyu 9, 148-193 (1978), C.A. 88, 130930f, 146300m-303q (1978).
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