
CAS Name: 17-Octadecene-9,11-diynoic acid
Additional Names: bolecic acid; erythrogenic acid
Percent Composition: C 78.79%, H 9.55%, O 11.66%
Literature References: Found in vegetable oils obtained from tropical and equatorial regions. Isoln from boleko oil: De Vries, Oleagineux 12, 427 (1957); US 2789993 (1957 to UCB). Structure: Steger, Van Loon, Rec. Trav. Chim. 59, 1156 (1940); Gunstone, Sealy, J. Chem. Soc. 1963, 5772; Morris, ibid. 5779. Synthesis: Black, Weedon, ibid. 1953, 1785.
CAS Name: (9Z,12R)-12-Hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid
Additional Names: d-12-hydroxyoleic acid
Percent Composition: C 72.44%, H 11.48%, O 16.08%
Literature References: Found primarily in oils from the seeds of Ricinus spp, Euphorbiaceae. Accounts for about 90% of the triglyceride fatty acids of castor oil, and up to about 40% of the glyceride fatty acids of ergot oil. Bibliography on its isoln: Ralston, Fatty Acids (New York, 1948) p 189. Also isolated from Linum mucronatum (flax), Linaceae: Kleiman, Spencer, Lipids 6, 962 (1971). Structure: Goldsobel, Ber. 27, 3121 (1894). Mechanism of biosynthesis: Morris, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 29, 311 (1967).
CAS Name: 4-(2-Propenyl)phenol
Additional Names: p-allylphenol; g-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-a-propylene
Percent Composition: C 80.56%, H 7.51%, O 11.92%
Literature References: Found together with terpenes in volatile betel oils (from leaves of Piper betle L., Piperaceae): Eijkman, Ber. 22, 2739 (1889). Prepd from a mixture of estragole, ethyl bromide and magnesium in benzene: Grignard, Compt. Rend. 151, 323 (1910); from 4-allylphenylmagnesium bromide in ether by the action of oxygen: Quelet, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. [4] 45, 265 (1929).
CAS Name: 16-Hydroxy-2,12-dimethoxypicrasa-2,12-diene-1,11-dione
Additional Names: 3a,4,5,6a,7,7a,8,11a,11b,11c-decahydro-5-hydroxy-2,10-dimethoxy-3,8,11a,11c-tetramethylphenanthro[10,1-bc]pyra...
Literature References: Found together with the quassin in the mixture of bitter constituents of the wood of Quassia amara L., Simaroubaceae, known in commerce as Surinam quassia. Forms quassin on oxidation. Isoln: London et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1950, 3431. Structure: Valenta et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1960(20), 25; Carman, Ward, ibid. 1961, 317; Valenta et al., Tetrahedron 15, 100 (1961).
CAS Name: a-D-Glucopyranose 1-dihydrogenphosphate
Additional Names: a-glucose-1-phosphoric acid; a-D-glucopyranose-1-phosphate; Cori ester
Percent Composition: C 27.70%, H 5.04%, O 55.35%, P...
Literature References: Found widely in both plants and animals. In plants it is the immediate precursor of starch, and in animals of glycogen, being also the first product in the breakdown and utilization of these substances. Isoln from muscle and synthesis using trisilver phosphate: Cori et al., J. Biol. Chem. 121, 465 (1937); Krahl, Cori, Biochem. Prep. 1, 33 (1949). Prepn from a-acetobromglucose + silver diphenyl phosphate: Posternak, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 4824 (1950); by phosphorolysis of starch using phosphorylase and orthophosphate: McCready, Hassid, Biochem. Prep. 4, 63 (1955). Structure: Wolfrom, Pletcher, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 63, 1050 (1941). Configuration: Wolfrom et al., ibid. 64, 23 (1942); Harmon, Diss. Abstr. 24, 4400 (1964); Beevers, Maconochie, Acta Crystallogr. 18, 232 (1965).
CAS Name: (6R,7R)-7-[[(2Z)-(5-Amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)(hydroxyimino)acetyl]amino]-3-[(E)-[(3'R)-1'-[[(5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methoxy]carbonyl]-2-oxo[1,3'-bipyrrolidin]-3-ylidene]methyl...
Literature References: Fourth generation cephalosporin antibiotic prodrug; rapidly cleaved in plasma to the active metabolite, ceftobiprole. Prepn: P. Hebeisen et al., WO 9965920; eidem, US 6232306 (1999, 2001 both to Hoffmann-La Roche). In vitro and in vivo activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): idem et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45, 825 (2001). Comparative antibacterial spectrum in vitro: R. N. Jones et al., J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 50, 915 (2002). In vivo activity in experimental pneumococcal pneumonia: E. Azoulay-Dupuis et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48, 1105 (2004). Clinical pharmacokinetics and safety: A. Schmitt-Hoffmann et al., ibid. 48, 2576 (2004).
CAS Name: 1-[[(6R,7R)-7-[[(2Z)-(2-Amino-4-thiazolyl)(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino]-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyrindinium inner salt
Additional Names: Eka-cesium
Literature References: Fr; at. no. 87; valence 1. Group IA (1). No stable nuclides. Naturally occurring isotope: 223, Actinum K, (longest lived isotope, T½ 21.8 min, b- emitter; rel. at. mass 223.0197) formed by a-decay of actinium 227Ac in 235U series. Known artificial isotopes: 201-222, 224-232. Found in uranium minerals. Terrestial abundance ~2 ´ 1018 ppm. Also obtainable by proton bombardment of thorium. First obtained in 1939 from an actinium prepn by Perey, J. Phys. Radium 10, 439 (1939); J. Chim. Phys. 43, 155, 262 (1946); Hyde, Ghiorso, Phys. Rev. 90, 267 (1953); Hyde, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74, 4181 (1952). Isoln by paper chromatography: Perey, Adloff, Compt. Rend. 236, 1163 (1953). Reviews: Hyde, J. Chem. Educ. 36, 15-21 (1959); Whaley, "Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium and Francium" in Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry vol. 1, J. C. Bailar Jr., et al., Eds. (Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1973) pp 369-529; Chemistry of the Elements N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, Eds. (Pergamon Press, New York, 1984) pp 75-116.
CAS Name: 3-Oxo-2-pentylcyclopentaneacetic acid methyl ester
Additional Names: methyl 2-pentyl-3-oxocyclopentyl-1-acetate
Trademarks: Hedione (Firmenich)
Percent Composition: C 68.99%, H ...
Literature References: Fragrance compound identified as a natural product in flowers, tea, herbs, fruits and vegetables. Synthetic commercial formulations contain a racemic, near equilibrium mixture of ~10% (±)-cis and ~90% (±)-trans forms. The (+)-(1R,2S)-form is the most organoleptically active enantiomer. Prepn: E. Demole et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 45, 675, 685, 692 (1962). Fragrance monograph: Food Chem. Toxicol. 30, Suppl. 1, 85S (1992). Enantioselective synthesis of (+)- and (-)-trans forms: T. Perrard et al., Org. Lett. 2, 2959 (2000). Review of sensory properties of stereoisomers and enantioselective distribution in plant sources: P. Werkhoff et al., Food Rev. Int. 18, 103-122 (2002).
CAS Name: (aR,1R)-rel-a,4-Dimethyl-a-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol
Additional Names: 6-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-hepten-2-ol; 1-methyl-4-(1,5-dimethyl-1-hydroxyhe...
Literature References: Fragrant sesquiterpene isolated from the essential oils of a variety of plants, shrubs and trees. Both isomers occur in nature; the (-)-form is the most widespread and is an active anti-inflammatory component of chamomile. The (+) and (-)-epi isomers are also naturally occurring. Isoln of (-)-form from Matricaria chamomilla: F. Sorm et al., Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 16, 626 (1951); of (+)-form from Populus balsamifera: idem et al., Chem. Listy 46, 364 (1952). Synthesis of racemic mixture: L. Ruzicka, M. Liguori, Helv. Chim. Acta 15, 3 (1932); C. D. Gutsche et al., Tetrahedron 24, 859 (1968). Enantioselective synthesis of (-)-form: H. Nemoto et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 34, 4939 (1993). Separation of four stereoisomers: K. Günther et al., Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 345, 787 (1993). Pharmacology and toxicology of (-)-form: V. Jakovlev, A. von Schlichtegroll, Arzneim.-Forsch. 19, 615 (1969); S. Habersang et al., Planta Med. 37, 115 (1979). Comparative pharmacology of racemate and enantiomers: V. Jakovlev et al., ibid. 35, 125 (1979). Determn by HPLC in chamomile extracts: R. Herrmann, Dtsch. Apoth. Ztg. 36, 1797 (1982); by GC in cosmetic products: D. Andre et al., Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 13, 137 (1991). Evaluation of use as dermal penetration enhancer: R. Kadir, B. W. Barry, Int. J. Pharm. 70, 87 (1991). Review of anti-inflammatory activity and use in cosmetics: N. Jellinek, Parfums Cosmet. Aromes 57, 55-57 (1984); of absolute configuration studies: G. W. O'Donnell, M. D. Sutherland, Aust. J. Chem. 42, 2021-2034 (1989).
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