
CAS Name: N-[(3a,5b,7a,12a)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-24-oxocholan-24-yl]glycine
Additional Names: N-cholylglycine
Percent Composition: C 67.07%, H 9.31%, N 3.01%, O 20.62%
Literature References: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with glycine; chief ingredient of the bile of herbivorous animals. In the weakly alkaline bile fluid glycocholic acid exists as the sodium salt. Prepn from bile: Hammarsten in Abderhalden's Handbuch der Biol. Arbeitsmethoden, Abt. I, Teil 6, p 211 (1925). Prepn from cholic acid: Cortese, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 59, 2532 (1937). Synthesis: Cortese, Bauman, ibid. 57, 1393 (1935); Bergstrom, Norman, Acta Chem. Scand. 7, 1126 (1953). Separation: Antonides, GB 928635 (1963 to Armour). Metabolism: Norman, Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 5, 231 (1970).
CAS Name: 2-[[(3a,5b,7a,12a)-3,7,12-Trihydroxy-24-oxocholan-24-yl]amino]ethanesulfonic acid
Additional Names: N-choloyltaurine; cholaic acid; cholyltaurine
Percent Composition: C 60.55%, H 8...
Literature References: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. Prepn from dog bile: Hammarsten in Abderhalden, Handbuch der Biol. Arbeitsmethoden, Abt. I, Teil 6, p 219 (1925). Separation from bile acids: Ahrens, Craig, J. Biol. Chem. 195, 763 (1952). Enzymic synthesis: Siperstein, Murray, Science 123, 377 (1956). Prepn of the sodium salt: Cortese, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 59, 2532 (1937); Norman, Ark. Kemi 8, 331 (1955); of the barium salt: Kazuno, Yanazaki, Z. Physiol. Chem. 224 160 (1934). Binding of taurocholic acid to serum proteins: Burke et al., Clin. Chim. Acta 32, 207 (1971). Toxicity data: Klaassen, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 24, 37 (1973).
CAS Name: Riboflavine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) 5'®5'-ester with adenosine
Additional Names: adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) 5'®5'-ester with riboflavine; FAD; riboflavine 5'-adenosin...
Literature References: The prosthetic group of certain flavoproteins including D-amino acid oxidase, glucose oxidase, glycine oxidase, fumaric hydrogenase, histaminase, and xanthine oxidase. Isoln from yeast: Warburg et al., Biochem. Z. 297, 417 (1938). Structure and isoln from liver, kidneys, hearts, muscles: Warburg, Christian, ibid. 298, 150 (1938); isoln from the mycelium of Eremothecium ashbyii: Yagi, Tada, Biochem. Prep. 7, 51 (1959); Masuda et al., US 2973305 (1961 to Takeda). Synthesis: Christie et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1954, 46; Huennekens, Kilgour, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77, 6716 (1955); DeLuca, Kaplan, J. Biol. Chem. 223, 569 (1956); Moffatt, Khorana, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 3756 (1958). Review: A. Holmgren, Experientia 36 (Suppl), 149-180 (1980). Review of FAD and other flavin coenzymes: Beinert, The Enzymes vol. 2, P. D. Boyer et al., Eds. (Academic Press, New York, 2nd ed., 1960) pp 339-416; see also vol. XIII Part B (Academic Press, New York, 3rd ed., 1975), several authors.
CAS Name: 2-Ethyl-3,5,6,7,8-pentahydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione
Additional Names: 2-ethyl-3,5,6,7,8-pentahydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
Percent Composition: C 54.14%, H 3.79%, O 42.07%
Literature References: The red pigment of the eggs of the sea urchin (Arbacia pustulosa). Isoln and structure: Kuhn, Wallenfels, Ber. 72, 1407 (1939). Synthesis from 2-ethyl-1,3,4-trimethoxybenzene and dibenzoyloxymaleic anhydride: Wallenfels, Gauhe, Ber. 76, 325 (1943).
CAS Name: L-threo-2,3-Hexodiulosonic acid g-lactone
Percent Composition: C 41.39%, H 3.47%, O 55.14%
Literature References: The reversibly oxidized form of ascorbic acid. Prepd by the action of benzoquinone on ascorbic acid: Ohle, Erlbach, Ber. 67, 555 (1934); Moll, Wieters, E. Merck's Jahresber. 50, 65 (1936); by the action of iodine: Herbert et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1933, 1270; Kenyon, Munro, ibid. 1948, 158; by oxidn with peri-naphthindan-2,3,4-trione hydrate: Moubasher, J. Biol. Chem. 176, 533 (1948); see also Müller-Mulot, Z. Physiol. Chem. 351, 52 (1970). Isomerization and formn of derivs: Egge, Tetrahedron Lett. 1969, 801. Structure studies: Teichmann, Ziebarth, Z. Prakt. Chem. 33, 124 (1966). Toxicity studies: Gaudiano et al., Boll. Soc. Ital. Biol. Sper. 43, 674 (1967).
CAS Name: (6S)-5,6-Dihydro-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one
Additional Names: 5-hydroxy-2-hexenoic acid lactone; d-Da,b-hexenolactone; 2-hexen-5,1-olide; sorbic oil
Percent Composition: C 64.27%, H 7...
Literature References: The sole constituent of "Vogelbeeröl", an oil obtained by steam distillation of the acidified juice of the ripe berries of the mountain ash, Sorbus aucuparia L., Rosaceae: Hofmann, Ann. 110, 129 (1859); Doebner, Ber. 27, 344 (1894); Kuhn, Jerchel, Ber. 76, 413 (1943). Structure: eidem, ibid. Synthesis: Haynes, Jones, J. Chem. Soc. 1946, 954; Lamberti et al., Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas 86, 504 (1967). Pharmacology and acute toxicity: H. J. Meyer, R. Kretzschmar, Arzneim.-Forsch. 19, 617 (1969).
Additional Names: Amylacetic ester
Percent Composition: C 64.58%, H 10.84%, O 24.58%
Literature References: The technical product is also known as pear oil or banana oil.
CAS Name: (1S)-2,6-Anhydro-3,5,7-trideoxy-1-C-[[(2S)-hydroxy[(2R,5R,6R)-tetrahydro-2-methoxy-5,6-dimethyl-4-methylene-2H-pyran-2-yl]acetyl]amino]-5,5-dimethyl-1,8,9-tri-O-methyl-D-manno-nonitol
CAS Name: 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol
Additional Names: cinnamic alcohol; styryl carbinol; g-phenylallyl alcohol
Percent Composition: C 80.56%, H 7.51%, O 11.92%
Literature References: The trans-form occurs (in the esterified form) in storax and in balsam Peru, cinnamon leaves, hyacinth oil. Obtained by the alkaline hydrolysis of storax. Prepd synthetically by reducing cinnamal diacetate with iron filings and acetic acid; from cinnamaldehyde by Meerwein-Ponndorf reduction with aluminum isopropoxide: Meerwein, Schmidt, Ann. 444, 221 (1925). Review of risk assessment as fragrance ingredient: D. Bickers et al., Food Chem. Toxicol. 43, 799-836 (2005); of toxicology: C. S. Letizia et al., ibid. 837-866.
CAS Name: 2-Amino-5-[(4-amino-3-sulfophenyl)(4-imino-3-sulfo-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene)methyl]-3-methylbenzenesulfonic acid disodium salt
Additional Names: C.I. Acid Violet 19; 2-amino-a5-(4-...
Literature References: The trisulfonated derivative of rosanilin, or pararosanilin. See: Colour Index vol. 4 (3rd ed., 1971) p 4399. Use as stain: P. W. Benoit, Stain Technol. 48, 177 (1973); E. Hals, Scand. J. Dent. Res. 85, 542 (1977). Mechanism of action: L. F. Nielsen et al., Biotech. Histochem. 73, 71(1998). Brief review: H. J. Conn's Biological Stains, R. D. Lillie, Ed. (Williams Wilkins, Baltimore, 9th ed., 1977) pp 285-286.
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