
CAS Name: N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-1,8-naphthalenediamine
Additional Names: 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene; proton sponge
Percent Composition: C 78.46%, H 8.47%, N 13.07%
Literature References: Prototype of a class of neutral aromatic diamines with exceptionally high basicity known as proton sponges. Prepn: W. G. Brown, N. J. Letang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 63, 358 (1941); and basicity study: R. W. Alder et al., J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1968, 723. X-ray crystal structure: H. Einspahr et al., Acta Crystallogr. B29, 1611 (1973). Proton transfer studies: F. Hibbert, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2 1974, 1862. Ab initio structural studies: J. A. Platts et al., J. Org. Chem. 59, 4647 (1994); and fluorescence spectroscopy: A. Szemik-Hojniak et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 4840 (1998). Charge distribution: P. R. Mallinson et al., ibid. 121, 4640 (1999). 13C NMR study of hydrogen bonding: M. Pietrzak et al., ibid. 123, 4338 (2001). Catalytic activity: I. Rodriguez et al., J. Catal. 183, 14 (1999). Review of chemistry: H. A. Staab, T. Saupe, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 27, 865-879 (1988); R. W. Alder, Chem. Rev. 89, 1215-1223 (1989).
CAS Name: (aE)-a-[[2-Butyl-1-[(4-carboxyphenyl)methyl]-1H-imidazol-5-yl]methylene]-2-thiophenepropanoic acid
Additional Names: (E)-3-[2-butyl-1-[(4-carboxyphenyl)methyl]-imidazol-5-yl]-2-(2-thi...
Literature References: Prototype of the imidazoleacrylic acid angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Prepn: J. A. Finkelstein et al., EP 403159 (1990 to SmithKline Beckman); eidem, US 5185351 (1993 to SmithKline Beecham); J. Weinstock et al., J. Med. Chem. 34, 1514 (1991); R. M. Keenan et al., ibid. 36, 1880 (1993). Pharmacology: R. M. Edwards et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 260, 175 (1992). Receptor binding study: H. T. Schambye et al., Mol. Pharmacol. 47, 425 (1995). Clinical pharmacokinetics: D. Tenero et al., Biopharm. Drug Dispos. 19, 351 (1998). Clinical trial in hypertension: W. J. Elliott et al., J. Hum. Hypertens. 13, 413 (1999). Review of clinical experience: L. Ruilope, B. Jäger, Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 4, 107-114 (2003).
CAS Name: N-[[(5S)-3-[3-Fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl]methyl]acetamideTrademarks: Zyvox (Pharmacia Upjohn); Zyvoxid (Pharmacia Upjohn)
Percent Composition: C 56.96%, H ...
Literature References: Prototype of the oxazolidinone antimicrobials; inhibits bacterial mRNA translation. Prepn: M. R. Barbachyn et al., WO 9507271 (1995 to Upjohn); eidem, US 5688792 (1997 to Pharmacia Upjohn); S. J. Brickner et al., J. Med. Chem. 39, 673 (1996). Antibacterial spectrum: C. W. Ford et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 40, 1508 (1996). Mechanism of action study: D. L. Shinabarger et al., ibid. 41, 2132 (1997). HPLC determn in plasma: C. Buerger et al., J. Chromatogr. B 796, 155 (2003). Clinical comparison with vancomycin, q.v., for MRSA infections: D. L. Stevens et al., Clin. Infect. Dis. 34, 1481 (2002). Review of pharmacology: L. D. Dresser, M. J. Rybak, Pharmacotherapy 18, 456-462 (1998); and clinical experience: R. Norrby, Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 2, 293-302 (2001).
CAS Name: 4-[3-(Cyclopentyloxy)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-pyrrolidinonePercent Composition: C 69.79%, H 7.69%, N 5.09%, O 17.43%
Literature References: Prototypical selective phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor. Prepn: BE 826923; R. Schmiechen et al., US 4193926 (1975, 1980 both to Schering AG). Selective enzyme inhibition and enhancement of cAMP accumulation in rat brain tissue: U. Schwabe et al., Mol. Pharmacol. 12, 900 (1976). Antidepressant mechanism of action study: H. Wachtel, Neuropharmacology 22, 267 (1983). Receptor binding study: H. H. Schneider et al., Eur. J. Pharmacol. 127, 105 (1986). Pharmacokinetics: W. Krause, G. Kühne, Xenobiotica 18, 561 (1988). Clinical evaluation in severe depression: F. Eckmann et al., Curr. Ther. Res. 43, 291 (1988). Pharmacology and efficacy in exptl autoimmune encephalomyelitis: N. Sommer et al., Nat. Med. 1, 244 (1995).
CAS Name: [3aS-(3aa,4a,4ab,7aa,8a,9aa)]-3,3a,4,4a,7a,8,9,9a-Octahydro-4-hydroxy-4a,8-dimethyl-3-methyleneazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2,5-dione
Additional Names: 6a,8b-dihydroxy-4-oxoambrosa-2,11(13)-di...
Literature References: Pseudoguaianolide sesquiterpenoid lactone from Helenium autumnale L., H. amarum (Raf.) H. Roch, H. microcephalum DC., Compositae. Isoln: Clark, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 58, 1982 (1936); and characterization: Adams, Herz, ibid. 71, 2546 (1949). Structure: Büchi, Rosenthal, ibid. 78, 3860 (1956); Barton, de Mayo, Q. Rev. Chem. Soc. 11, 189 (1957); Herz, J. Org. Chem. 27, 4043 (1962). Abs config studies: Herz, Kagan, ibid. 32, 216 (1967). Synthesis of racemic form: Y. Ohfune et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100, 5946 (1978); M. R. Roberts, R. H. Schlessinger, ibid. 101, 7626 (1979); C. H. Heathcock et al., ibid. 104, 1907 (1982). Toxicity study: D. A. Witzel et al., Am. J. Vet. Res. 37, 859 (1976).
CAS Name: O-4,6-Dideoxy-4-[[[1S-(1a,4a,5b,6a)]-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl]amino]-a-D-glucopyranosyl-(1®4)-O-a-D-glucopyranosyl-(1®4)-D-glucose
Additional Names: 4'',6'...
Literature References: Pseudotetrasaccharide containing an unsaturated cyclitol moiety. An a-glucosidase inhibitor that reduces sugar absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Isoln from strains of Actinoplanes: W. Frommer et al., DE 2347782; eidem, US 4062950 (1975, 1977 both to Bayer). Total synthesis: S. Ogawa, Y. Shibata, Chem. Commun. 1988, 605; eidem, Carbohydr. Res. 189, 309 (1989). Biosynthetic studies: U. Degwert et al., J. Antibiot. 40, 855 (1987). Glucosidase inhibition studies: D. D. Schmidt et al., Naturwissenschaften 64, 535 (1977); W. Puls et al., ibid. 536. Use in treatment of diabetic adults: D. Sailor, G. Roder, Arzneim.-Forsch. 30, 2182 (1980); H. Laube et al., ibid. 1154. Long-term study in sulfonylurea-treated diabetics: H. Vierhapper et al., Diabetologia 20, 586 (1981). Potential use in prophylaxis of dental caries: N. E. Fiehn, D. Moe, Scand. J. Dent. Res. 90, 124 (1982). Review of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic potential: S. P. Clissold, C. Edwards, Drugs 35, 214-243 (1988).
CAS Name: 1-(3-Chlorophenyl)-4-[2-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)ethyl]piperazine
Additional Names: 3-[2-(N'-m-chlorophenylpiperazino)ethyl]-5-methylpyrazolePercent Composition: C 63.04%, H 6.94%, C...
Literature References: Psychotropic agent with CNS-depressant effects. Prepn: V. Koppe et al., GB 1124710; eidem, US 3491097 (1968, 1970 both to E. Merck); eidem, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 10, 154, 162 (1975). Pharmacological study: M. A. Ruch-Monachon et al., Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 219, 326 (1976). Effects on brain biogenic amine metabolism: C. Seyfried et al., Arzneim.-Forsch. 26, 1088 (1976). EEG effects in rabbits: S. Watanabe et al., ibid. 29, 274 (1979).
CAS Name: 10,11-Dihydro-N,5-dimethyl-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepin-10-amine
Additional Names: 10,11-dihydro-5-methyl-10-(methylamino)-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepineTrademarks: Timaxel (Rhe-Poulenc)
Percent Co...
Literature References: Psychotropic agent, related structurally to imipramine, q.v. Prepn: J. C. Fouche, C. G. A. Gueremy, ZA 6800345 corresp to US 3622565 (1968, 1971 both to Rhone-Poulenc). Determn in plasma by GC: A. R. Viala et al., Anal. Chem. 49, 2354 (1977). HPLC method: J. P. Sommadossi et al., J. Chromatogr. 228, 205 (1982). Pharmacological and clinical effects: P. Dick, Encephale 4, 41 (1978). Clinical studies: L. F. Gayral et al., ibid. 365; E. J. Caille, J.-P. Brun, Psychol. Med. 13, 1879 (1981). Biotransformation in animals and man: B. Decouvelaere et al., Therapie 37, 249 (1982).
CAS Name: 2-[3-[4-(3-Chlorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]propyl]-4,5-diethyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one
Percent Composition: C 60.39%, H 7.47%, Cl 9.38%, N 18.53%, O 4.23%
Literature References: Psychotropic drug related structurally to trazodone, q.v. Prepn: G. Palazzo, DE 2351739; idem, US 3857845 (both 1974 to Angelini). Pharmacology and acute toxicity: R. Lisciani et al., Arzneim.-Forsch. 28, 417 (1978); M. T. Ramacci et al., ibid. 29, 294 (1979). Clinical evaluation: P. Bertoletti, G. Clin. Med. 58, 393 (1977). Teratology study: S. Barcellona et al., Toxicology 8, 87 (1977). Acute cardiovascular toxicity study: R. Lisciani et al., ibid. 10, 151 (1978).
CAS Name: 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-[[3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl)propyl]methylamino]ethanone
Additional Names: 4'-chloro-2-[[3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl)propyl]methyla...
Literature References: Psychotropic drug related to imipramine, q.v. Prepn: E. Eriksoo et al., GB 1177525; eidem, US 3637660 (1970, 1972 both to AB Leo). Chemistry and pharmacology: E. Eriksoo, O. Rohte, Arzneim.-Forsch. 20, 1561 (1970). Absorption and metabolism: J. R. Tulic et al., Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 32, 304 (1973). Distribution and excretion: G. Plym Forshell, Xenobiotica 5, 73 (1975). Pharmacokinetics: G. Plym Forshell et al., Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 9, 291 (1976). Clinical study: S. Wright, L. Herrmann, Arzneim.-Forsch. 26, 1167 (1976).
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