
CAS Name: 8-[[2-(7-Chloro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-isoindol-1-yl]acetyl]-1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane
Additional Names: (±)-2-(7-chloro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1,4...
Literature References: Non-benzodiazepine exhibiting mixed agonist/antagonist effects with benzodiazepine receptors; activity resides primarily in the (S)-enantiomer. Prepn: G. Goto, Y. Saji, EP 174858; eidem, US 4695572 (1986, 1987 both to Takeda). Pharmacologic profile: T. Wada, N. Fukuda, Psychopharmacology 103, 314 (1991). HPLC determn in human plasma and urine, of racemate and/or its metabolites: Z. Hussein et al., J. Chromatogr. 613, 105 (1993); of enantiomers and/or their metabolites: eidem, ibid. 113. Clinical pharmacokinetics of racemate and its enantiomers: Z. Hussein et al., Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 36, 357 (1993). Clinical evaluation and abuse liability of racemate: G. K. Mumford et al., Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 3, 39 (1995).
CAS Name: 6-Chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N-dipropylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-acetamideTrademarks: Ananxyl (Synthelabo)
Percent Composition: C 62.38%, H 5.73%, Cl 17.54%, N 10.39%, O 3.96%
Literature References: Non-benzodiazepine tranquilizer. Prepn: J. P. Kaplan, P. George, EP 50563; eidem, US 4382938 (1982, 1983 both to Synthelabo). Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics in humans: B. Saletu et al., Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 1, 145 (1986). HPLC determn in human plasma: V. Ascalone et al., J. Chromatogr. 414, 101 (1987). Clinical evaluation of tranquilizing vs hypnotic effects: B. Saletu et al., Curr. Ther. Res. 40, 769 (1986). Pilot study in anxiety: S. F. Langer et al., Psychopharmacol. Bull. 24, 161 (1988). Hepatotoxicity in rats: A. Berson et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 299, 793 (2001).
CAS Name: 1,2-Ethanediylbis[(2,6-dioxo-4,1-piperazinediyl)methylene]carbonic acid bis(2-methylpropyl) ester
Additional Names: 4,4'-ethylenebis[1-(hydroxymethyl)-2,6-piperazinedione] bis(isobuty...
Literature References: Noncleavable complex-stabilizing DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor. Prepn: J.-C. Cai, M. Takase, EP 140327; eidem, US 4650799 (1985, 1987 both to Zenyaku Kogyo); idem et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37, 2976 (1989). Antitumor activity: T. Narita et al., Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 28, 235 (1991). Clinical evaluation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: R. Ohno et al., J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 84, 435 (1992); in adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma: idem et al., Cancer 71, 2217 (1993). Acute toxicity study: T. Tokiwa et al., Iyakuhin Kenkyu 22, 435 (1991). C.A. 115, 222916k (1991).
CAS Name: (8R)-7-Acetyl-5-(4-aminophenyl)-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-h][2,3]benzodiazepine
Additional Names: R-(-)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-acetyl-4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-3,4-dihydr...
Literature References: Noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonist. Prepn: F. Andrasi et al., EP 492485; eidem, US 5536832 (1992, 1996 both to Gyogyszerkutato Intezet KFT). Enantioselective synthesis: I. Ling et al., J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1995, 1423. HPLC determn in plasma: J. A. Eckstein, S. P. Swanson, J. Chromatogr. B 668, 153 (1995). Stereoselective electropharmacology and neuroprotective effects: D. Lodge et al., Neuropharmacology 35, 1681 (1996). Review of manufacturing process: B. A. Anderson et al. in Process Chemistry in the Pharmaceutical Industry, K. G. Gadamasetti, Ed. (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1999) pp 263-282. Review of clinical development: C. Q. Meng, Curr. Opin. Cent. Peripher. Nerv. Syst. Invest. Drugs 1, 637-643 (1999).
CAS Name: 10,11-Dihydro-5-methyl-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine
Additional Names: (+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine
Percent Composition: C 86.84%, H 6.8...
Literature References: Non-competitive NMDA, q.v., receptor antagonist. Prepn of racemate: M. E. Christy et al., J. Org. Chem. 44, 3117 (1979); T. R. Lamanec et al., ibid. 53, 1768 (1988); and of enantiomers: BE 882361; P. Anderson et al., US 4399141 (1980, 1983 both to Merck Co.). Series of papers on pharmacological activities: B. V. Clineschmidt et al., Drug Dev. Res. 2, 123-163 (1982). NMDA receptor binding studies: E. H. F. Wong et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 7104 (1986); A. C. Foster, E. H. F. Wong, Br. J. Pharmacol. 91, 403 (1987); J. E. Huettner, B. P. Bean, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 1307 (1988). Metabolism in animals: H. B. Hucker et al., Drug Metab. Dispos. 11, 54 (1983). Pharmacokinetics: A. S. Troupin et al., Curr. Probl. Epilepsy 4, 191 (1986). Protective effects against excitotoxic amino acid-induced neuronal degeneration: G. N. Woodruff et al., Neuropharmacology 26, 903 (1987); A. C. Foster et al., Neurosci. Lett. 76, 307 (1987); A. C. Foster et al., J. Neurosci. 8, 4745 (1988); specifically in ischemia: R. Gill et al., Neuroscience 25, 847 (1988); E. Ozyurt et al., J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 8, 138 (1988). Anticonvulsant activity in models of epilepsy: K. Sato et al., Brain Res. 463, 12 (1988); M. E. Gilbert, ibid. 90. Clinical evaluation in attention deficit disorder: F. W. Reimherr et al., Psychopharmacol. Bull. 22, 237 (1986).
CAS Name: N-(3-Ethylphenyl)-N-methyl-N'-1-naphthalenylguanidine
Additional Names: N-(1-naphthyl)-N'-(3-ethylphenyl)-N'-methylguanidine; aptaguanal
Percent Composition: C 79.17%, H 6.98%, N 1...
Literature References: Noncompetitive NMDA-receptor antagonist. Prepn: E. Weber, J. F. W. Keana, WO 9112797; eidem, US 5262568 (1991, 1993 both to State of Oregon); N. L. Reddy et al., J. Med. Chem. 37, 260 (1994). Clinical pharmacology and kinetics: K. W. Muir et al., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 765, 279 (1995). Review of theoretical basis for use in stroke: K. W. Muir, K. R. Lees, Stroke 26, 503-513 (1995). Clinical trial in acute ischemic stroke: G. W. Albers et al., J. Am. Med. Assoc. 286, 2673 (2001).
CAS Name: (1R,1'R)-2,2'-[[(4E)-1,8-Dioxo-4-octene-1,8-diyl]bis(oxy-3,1-propanediyl)]bis[1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]]isoquinolinium dichloride
Ad...
Literature References: Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. Prepn: R. A. Swaringen, Jr. et al., DD 235638; eidem, US 4761418 (1986, 1988 both to Burroughs Wellcome). Clinical pharmacology: H. H. Ali et al., Br. J. Anaesth. 61, 541 (1988); J. J. Savarese et al., Anesthesiology 68, 723 (1988). In vitro metabolism: D. R. Cook et al., Anesth. Analg. 68, 452 (1989). Clinical evaluation in adults: S. Weber et al., ibid. 67, 495 (1988); R. P. From et al., Br. J. Anaesth. 64, 193 (1990); in children: J. K. Alifimoff, N. G. Goudsouzian, ibid. 63, 520 (1989).
CAS Name: (3R,4aR,10aS)-rel-N,N-Diethyl-N'-(1,2,3,4,4a,5,10,10a-octahydro-6-hydroxy-1-propylbenzo[g]quinolin-3-yl)sulfamide
Additional Names: (±)-1-n-propyl-3a-diethylsulfamoylamino-6-hydr...
Literature References: Nonergot dopamine D2-receptor agonist. Prepn: R. Nordmann, T. J. Petcher, EP 77754; eidem, US 4565818 (1983, 1986 both to Sandoz); eidem, J. Med. Chem. 28, 367 (1985). Receptor binding study in vivo: A. Closse et al., Brain Res. 440, 123 (1988). Clinical pharmacology: R. C. Gaillard, J. Brownell, Life Sci. 43, 1355 (1988). Clinical evaluation in hyperprolactinemia: C. Rasmussen et al., Acta Endocrinol. 125, 170 (1991).
CAS Name: L-Asparagine
Additional Names: Asn; N; L-b-asparagine; a-aminosuccinamic acid; aspartic acid b-amide; altheine; asparamide; agedoite; (S)-2,4-diamino-4-oxobutanoic acid
Percent Com...
Literature References: Non-essential amino acid for human development. First amino acid noted in natural sources, it was named for the asparagus juice from which it was isolated: L. N. Vauquelin, P. J. Robiquet, Ann. Chim. 57, 88 (1806). Due to ease of conversion to aspartic acid, q.v., it was not isolated from protein until 1932: M. Damodoran, Biochem. J. 26, 235 (1932). Early chemistry and biochemistry: Amino Acids and Proteins, D. M. Greenberg, Ed. (Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL, 1951) 950 pp, passim; J. P. Greenstein, M. Winitz, Chemistry of the Amino Acids vols. 1-3 (John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, 1961) pp. 1856-1878, passim. As attachment point for saccharides: A. J. Mencke et al., Methods Enzymol. 138, 409 (1987). Colorimetric assay: S. Sheng et al., Anal. Biochem. 211, 242 (1993). Proposed formation of acrylamide, q.v., in cooking: D. S. Mottram et al., Nature 419, 448 (2002); R. H. Stadler et al., ibid. 449. Review of metabolism: D. A. Cooney, R. E. Handschumacher, Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. 10, 421-440 (1970); in plants: K. A. Sieciechowicz et al., Phytochemistry 27, 663-671 (1988). Review of deamidation in proteins: R. Bischoff, H. V. J. Kolbe, J. Chromatogr. B 662, 261-278 (1994).
CAS Name: L-Aspartic acid
Additional Names: Asp; D; aminosuccinic acid; asparagic acid; asparaginic acid; (S)-aminobutanedioic acid; 1-amino-1,2-carboxyethane; asparaginsäure (German)
Percen...
Literature References: Non-essential amino acid for human development. First identified as the acid hydrolysis product of asparagine, q.v.: A. Plisson, J. Pharm. 13, 477 (1827); later isolated from protein: H. Ritthausen, J. Prakt. Chem. 103, 233, 239 (1868). Early chemistry and biochemistry: Amino Acids and Proteins, D. M. Greenberg, Ed. (Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL, 1951) 950 pp., passim; J. P. Greenstein, M. Winitz, Chemistry of the Amino Acids vol 1-3 (John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1961) pp. 1856-1878, passim. Synthesis of optically active forms: K. Harada, K. Matsumoto, J. Org. Chem. 31, 2985 (1966); of labelled form: A. Ivanof et al., Anal. Biochem. 110, 267 (1981). Crystal structure: B. Dawson, Acta Crystallogr. 33B, 882 (1977). Excitatory neurotransmitter: H. McLennan, H. V. Wheal, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 54, 70 (1976). Role in protein activity: D. W. Urry et al., Biopolymers 34, 889 (1994); J. M. Denu et al., Biochemistry 34, 3396 (1995). Racemization with age in dentin: N. Saleh et al., Calcif. Tissue Int. 53, 103 (1993). Review of metabolism and pathology: L. D. Stegink, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 2, 215-242 (1976). Review of role as excitatory amino acid: P. J. Roberts, S. W. Davies, Biochem. Soc. Trans. 15, 218-219 (1986); of use in forensics: E. R. Waite et al., Forensic Sci. Int. 103, 113-124 (1999); of pathobiology of age-related racemization in proteins: S. Ritz-Timme, M. J. Collins, Ageing Res. Rev. 1, 43-59 (2002).
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