
CAS Name: (5R,6S)-6-[(1R)-1-Hydroxyethyl]-3-[[2-[(iminomethyl)amino]ethyl]thio]-7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid monohydrate
Additional Names: N-formimidoylthienamycin mono...
Literature References: Extremely broad-spectrum semi-synthetic antibiotic; first stable derivative of thienamycin, q.v. Prepn: W. J. Leanza et al., J. Med. Chem. 22, 1435 (1979); T. W. Miller, EP 6639 (1980 to Merck Co.), C.A. 93, 155845y (1980); B. G. Christensen et al., US 4194047 (1980 to Merck Co.). Totally synthetic prepn without formation of thienamycin: I. Shinkai et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 23, 4903 (1982). HPLC determn in serum: C. M. Myers, J. L. Blumer, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 26, 78 (1984). Series of articles on in vitro activity, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy of combination with cilastatin sodium, q.v., a renal dehydropeptidase I inhibitor: J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 12, Suppl. D, 1-155 (1983); Rev. Infect. Dis. 7, Suppl. 3, S389-S536 (1985); Am. J. Med. 78, Suppl. 6A, 1-167 (1985); Infection 14, Suppl. 2, S111-S180 (1986). Comprehensive description: E. R. Oberholtzer, Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. 17, 73-114 (1988).
CAS Name: 6-[(R)-Amino(4-chlorophenyl)(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-2(1H)-quinolinoneTrademarks: Zarnestra (Janssen)
Percent Composition: C 66.26%, H 4.53%, Cl ...
Literature References: Farnesyl transferase inhibitor. Prepn: M. G. Venet et al., WO 9721701; eidem, US 6037350 (1997, 2000 both to Janssen). Review of syntheses: P. R. Angibaud et al., Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2004, 479-486. Inhibition of farnesyl protein transferase and antitumor effects in vivo: D. W. End et al., Cancer Res. 61, 131 (2001). Clinical pharmacology and pharmacokinetics: J. Zujewski et al., J. Clin. Oncol. 18, 927 (2000). Accelerator mass spec determn in biological samples: R. C. Garner et al., Drug Metab. Dispos. 30, 823 (2002). Clinical evaluation in hematologic malignancies: J. Cortes et al., Blood 101, 1692 (2003). Review of clinical experience: P. Norman, Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs 3, 313-319 (2002).
CAS Name: (2,2,2-Trifluoroethoxy)ethene
Additional Names: 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl vinyl ether
Trademarks: Fluoromar (formerly) (Ohio Med.)
Percent Composition: C 38.11%, H 4.00%, F 45.21%, O...
Literature References: First clinical fluorinated inhalation anesthetic agent. Prepd (not claimed): J. G. Shukys, US 2830007; P. W. Townsend, US 2870218 (1958, 1959 to Air Reduction). Anesthetic action: J. C. Krantz, Jr. et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 108, 488 (1953). Review of metabolism and toxicity: V. Fiserova-Bergerova, Environ. Health Perspect. 21, 225-230 (1977); L. S. Kaminsky, J. M. Fraser, Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 19, 87-112 (1988).
CAS Name: Phenanthro[4,5-bcd]furan-3-ol
Additional Names: 3-hydroxy-4,5-oxidophenanthrene; 3-hydroxy-4,5-phenanthrylene oxide
Percent Composition: C 80.76%, H 3.87%, O 15.37%
Literature References: First described by Vongerichten, Ber. 30, 2439 (1897). Prepn from morphine: Mosettig, Meitzner, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 56, 2738 (1934). Approach to synthesis: Dendy et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1963, 4040.
Additional Names: Ferric subsulfate solution
Literature References: First described in 1856 by L. Monsel. Prepd by oxidizing ferrous sulfate with nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid. Prepn: W. Procter, Jr., Am. J. Pharm. 31, 403 (1859). Review of chemistry and mechanism of action: E. Epstein, H. I. Maibach, Arch. Dermatol. 90, 226-228 (1964); of hemostatic applications: A. B. Jetmore et al., Dis. Colon Rectum 36, 866-867 (1993); of history: A. P. Garrett et al., J. Lower Genital Tract Dis. 6, 225-227 (2002).
CAS Name: 4,5-Diphenyl-2-oxazolepropanoic acid
Additional Names: b-(4,5-diphenyloxazol-2-yl)propionic acidTrademarks: Alvo (Taisho); Daypro (Pfizer)
Percent Composition: C 73.71%, H 5.15%, N...
Literature References: First description of anti-inflammatory properties: K. Brown et al., Nature 219, 164 (1968). Prepn: FR 2001036 (1969 to Inst. Farm. Serono), C.A. 72, 66930w (1970); K. Brown, GB 1206403 and US 3578671 (1970, 1971 both to Wyeth). Biochemical properties: M. W. Whitehouse et al., Biochem. Pharmacol. 20, 2309 (1971). Metabolism: F. W. Janssen et al., Drug Metab. Dispos. 6, 465 (1978). Pharmacology: D. A. Shriver et al., Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 42, 75 (1977); F. Awouters et al., J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 30, 41 (1978). Clinical studies: R. Jamar, J. Dequeker, Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 5, 433 (1978); J. A. Hubsher et al., J. Int. Med. Res. 7, 69 (1979); eidem, Arthritis Rheum. 25, S117 (1982). Protein binding and clearance: C. A. Homon et al., Agents Actions 12, 211 (1982). Symposium on pharmacology and clinical efficacy: Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 15, Suppl. 3, 1-107 (1986). Review of mechanism of action and clinical efficacy: F. Dallegri et. al., Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 6, 777-785 (2005).
CAS Name: (aS)-a-Carboxy-2,3-dihydro-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-thioxo-1H-imidazole-4-ethanaminium inner salt
Additional Names: [1-carboxy-2-[2-mercaptoimidazol-4-yl]ethyl]trimethylammonium hydroxide in...
Literature References: First discovered in the sclerotia of the ergot fungus, Claviceps purpurea, by Tanret, J. Pharm. Chim. 30, 145 (1909). Has since been found to occur in blood, semen and various mammalian tissues, principally liver and kidneys. Biosynthesis from histidine by Claviceps purpurea cultures: Heath, Wildy, Nature 179, 196 (1957); also produced by Neurospora crassa: Melville et al., Fed. Proc. 15, 314 (1956). Chemical synthesis: Heath et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1951, 2215. Occurrence in the Linulus polyphemus L. (king crab): Ackermann, List, Z. Physiol. Chem. 313, 30 (1958). Review: Melville, Vitam. Horm. 17, 155 (1959).
CAS Name: D-Apiose
Additional Names: tetrahydroxyisovaleraldehyde; 3-C-(hydroxymethyl)-D-glyceroaldotetrose
Percent Composition: C 40.00%, H 6.71%, O 53.29%
Literature References: First found in parsley in which it occurs as the flavinoid glycoside apiin, q.v. Isoln from apiin: Vongerichten, Ann. 318, 126 (1901); 321, 74 (1902); Hemming, Ollis, Chem. Ind. (London) 1953, 85. From the rubber plant, Hevea brasiliensis, Euphorbiaceae: Patrick, Nature 178, 216 (1956). Discussion of structure and isoln from the Australian marine plant Posidonia australis Kon., Potamogetonaceae: Bell, Methods in Carbohydrate Chemistry vol. I (Academic Press, New York, 1962) pp 260-263. Synthesis: Gorin, Perlin, Can. J. Chem. 36, 480 (1958); Khalique, J. Chem. Soc. 1962, 2515; Ezekiel et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1969, 1635. Synthesis of L-form: Weygand, Schmiechen, Ber. 92, 535 (1959); of DL-form: Kinoshita, Miwa, Carbohydr. Res. 28, 175 (1973); Y. Araki et al., ibid. 58, C4 (1977); of D- and L-forms: P. Ho, Can. J. Chem. 57, 381 (1979). Chemistry, configuration and synthesis studies: Williams, Jones, ibid. 42, 69 (1964); Hulyalker et al., ibid. 43, 2085 (1965). Review: Watson, Orenstein, Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem. 31, 135-184 (1975).
CAS Name: 9,10-Deepithio-9,10-didehydroacanthifolicin
Additional Names: halochondrine A
Percent Composition: C 65.65%, H 8.51%, O 25.84%
Literature References: First ionophoric polyether identified in marine organisms; isolated from marine black sponges, Halichondria (okadai or melanodocia). Tumor promoting cytotoxin associated with diarrhetic seafood poisoning. Isoln: K. Tachibana et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 103, 2469 (1981). Total synthesis: M. Isobe et al., Tetrahedron 43, 4767 (1987). Contractile effects: S. Shibata et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 223, 135 (1982). Inhibition of protein phosphatases: A. Takai et al., FEBS Lett. 217, 81 (1987); C. Bialojan, A. Takai, Biochem. J. 256, 283 (1988). Tumor promoting activity: M. Suganuma et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 1768 (1988). Review of mechanism of action and use as a probe for cellular regulation: P. Cohen et al., Trends Biochem. Sci. 15, 98-102 (1990); A. Schönthal, New Biol. 4, 16-21 (1992). Review of tumor promoting activity: H. Fujiki, M. Suganuma, J. Biochem. 115, 1-5 (1994).
CAS Name: (E)-4-(3-Hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl-b-D-glucopyranoside
Additional Names: 4-(3-hydroxypropenyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl-D-glucoside; syringoside; ligustrin; lilacin; methoxyc...
Literature References: First isolated by Meillet in 1841 from bark of Syringa vulgaris L. (lilac): Ann. 40, 319 (1841). Prepn: Pauly, Strassberger, Ber. 62, 2277 (1929); Freudenberg, Schraube, Ber. 88, 16 (1955). Isoln from lilac bark: Freudenberg et al., Ber. 84, 472 (1951); from various plants: Plouvier, Compt. Rend. 254,4196 (1962); from cambial sap of spruce: Freudenberg, Harkin, Phytochemistry 2, 189 (1963).
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