
Trademarks: Lipiodol (Guerbet)
Literature References: An iodine addition product of vegetable oils, contg 38-42% organically combined iodine.
CAS Name: 1-Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone homopolymer compd with iodine
Additional Names: 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone polymers, iodine complex; iodine-polyvinylpyrrolidone complex; polyvinylpyrrolidone-i...
Literature References: An iodophor, q.v., prepd by Beller, Hosmer, US 2706701; Hosmer, US 2826532; Siggia, US 2900305 (1955, 1958, and 1959, all to GAF). Prepn, history and use: Shelanski, Shelanski, J. Int. Coll. Surg. 25, 727 (1956).
CAS Name: (5a,8b)-6,7-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-8-ol
Additional Names: y-codeine; neoisocodeine
Percent Composition: C 72.22%, H 7.07%, N 4.68%, O 16.03%
Literature References: An isomer of codeine. Review and bibliography: K. W. Bentley, The Chemistry of the Morphine Alkaloids (Oxford, 1954).
CAS Name: (3R-cis)-3-(3-Ethenyl-4-piperidinyl)-1-(6-methoxy-4-quinolinyl)-1-propanone
Additional Names: quinicine; 1-(6-methoxy-4-quinolyl)-3-(3-vinyl-4-piperidyl)-1-propanone; chinicine; mequi...
Literature References: An isomer of quinine; occurs naturally as the d-form. Present in small quantities in cinchona barks; formed by heating quinine with glycerol at 180°: Howard, J. Chem. Soc. 24, 61 (1871); 25, 101 (1872); Miller, Rohde, Ber. 33, 3214 (1900); Howard, Chick, Pharm. J. 99, 143 (1917). Conversion to quinine: Rabe, Kindler, Ber. 51, 466 (1918). Partial synthesis: Prostenik, Prelog, Helv. Chim. Acta 26, 1965 (1943). Total synthesis: Woodward, Doering, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 66, 849 (1944); 67, 860 (1945); US 2500444 (1950 to Polaroid); Grethe et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 56, 1485 (1973). Review of synthesis, chemistry and pharmacology: Quevauviller et al., Ann. Pharm. Fr. 24, 39 (1966). Series of articles on pharmacology and metabolism: Arzneim.-Forsch. 22, 1334-1346 (1972).
CAS Name: (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol
Additional Names: trans-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-8-ol; lemonol
Percent Composition: C 77.87%, H 11.76%, O 10.37%
Literature References: An olefinic terpene alcohol constituting the chief part of oil of rose and oil of palmarosa; also found in many other essential oils such as citronella, lemon grass, etc. Isomeric with linalool. Isoln: Jacobsen, Ann. 157, 234 (1871). Structure: Verley, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 25, 68 (1919); J. L. Simonsen, The Terpenes vol. I (University Press, Cambridge, 2nd ed., 1947) pp 40-52. Stereochemistry: Burrell et al., Proc. Chem. Soc. London 1959, 263; Bates et al., J. Org. Chem. 28, 1086 (1963). Synthesis: Burrell et al., J. Chem. Soc. C 1966, 2144; K. Takabe et al., Chem. Lett. 1977, 1025; K. K. Mathew et al., Indian J. Chem. B20, 340 (1981).
CAS Name: [(Dimethylarsino)oxy]sodium As-oxide
Additional Names: sodium dimethylarsonate
Trademarks: Arsecodile; Arsicodile; Arsycodile; Rad-e-cate (Vineland); Silvisar
Percent Compositio...
Literature References: An organic compd of arsenic yielding inorganic, trivalent arsenic in the body (is excreted partly unchanged, also yields dimethylarsine oxide). Prepd by the distillation of a mixture of arsenic trioxide and potassium acetate which yields Cadet's liquid, contg mostly dimethylarsine oxide. This is oxidized with mercuric oxide yielding crystals of cacodylic acid which is neutralized with Na2CO3 or NaOH: Cadet de Gassicourt, Mem. savants étrangers 3, 633 (1760); Valeur, Gaillot, Compt. Rend. 185, 956 (1927). Use in treatment of psoriasis: S. I. Dawes, H. C. Jackson, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 48, 2020 (1903). Metabolism and excretion: A. Heffter, Arch. Exp. Pathol. Pharmakol. 46, 230 (1901). Use as herbicide: M. A. Sprague, US 3056663 (1962 to Ansul). Possible use in radiation dosimetry: H. S. Levinson, E. B. Garber, Nature 207, 751 (1965). Review of toxicology and human exposure: Toxicological Profile for Arsenic (PB2000-108021, 2000) 468 pp.
CAS Name: 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-2,3-dioxabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-ene
Additional Names: 1,4-peroxido-p-menthene-2
Percent Composition: C 71.39%, H 9.59%, O 19.02%
Literature References: An organic peroxide which constitutes 60-80% of oil of chenopodium. Synthesis from a-terpinene by treatment with oxygen, chlorophyll, and light: Schenck, Ziegler, Naturwissenschaften 1944, 157. Purification: Beckett et al., J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 7, 55 (1955). Isoln from Chenopodium ambrosioides L.: E. Okuyama et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 41, 1309 (1993). Review of use as anthelmintic: M. M. Kliks, Soc. Sci. Med. 21, 879-886 (1985).
CAS Name: 5-Hydroxy-a,a,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol
Additional Names: p-menth-6-ene-2,8-diol; 6,8-carvomenthenediol; 1-p-menthene-6,8-diol; pinol hydrate
Percent Composition: C 70.5...
Literature References: An oxidation product of oil of turpentine formed by the autooxidation of a-pinene, q.v., in the presence of water and especially in sunlight. First obtained by Margueron in 1797. Confused with terpin hydrate, q.v., until fully characterized by Sobrero in 1851. The naturally occurring form is the trans-form. For a review of early structure and prepn work, see J. L. Simonsen, The Terpenes vol. II (University Press, Cambridge, 2nd ed., 1949) pp 137-138. Summary of general methods of prepn: Lombard, Heywang, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 1954, 1210. Prepn of dl-trans-form: Ward, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 60, 325 (1938); Schenck et al., Ann. 584, 177 (1953); Moore et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78, 1173 (1956); Brook, Wright, J. Org. Chem. 22, 1314 (1957); of l-trans-form: Klein, US 2815378 (1958 to Glidden). Prepn of cis- and trans-forms and analysis of stereochemistry: Blumann, Wood, J. Chem. Soc. 1952, 4420; H. Schmidt, Ber. 86, 1437 (1953). Pharmacology and chemistry of dl-trans-form: GB 1176817; C. Corvi-Mora, US 3592908 (1970, 1971 to Camillo Corvi); V. Dalla Valle, Boll. Chim. Farm. 109, 761 (1970). Clinical evaluation: C. F. Marchioni, G. Monzali, Clin. Ter. 60, 135 (1972). Activity on mucociliary transport: P. Braga, Clin. Trials J. 18, 30 (1981). Pharmacokinetics: P. C. Braga et al., Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 24, 209 (1983). Metabolism: P. Ventura et al., Xenobiotica 13, 139 (1983); eidem, ibid. 15, 317 (1985). GLC determn in human plasma: U. A. Shulka, J. Chromatogr. 308, 189 (1984).
Additional Names: SP
Percent Composition: C 56.15%, H 7.33%, N 18.71%, O 15.43%, S 2.38%
Literature References: An undecapeptide belonging to a group of proteins named tachykinins characterized by contractile action on extravascular smooth muscle. Discovered by von Euler and Gaddum, J. Physiol. 72, 74 (1931). Present in the brain of all vertebrates including man, in spinal ganglia, and in the intestines, esp the duodenum and jejunum. Isoln from cattle brain: Zuber, Jaques, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1, 160 (1962); from horse intestine: Studer et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 56, 860 (1973). Purification from bovine hypothalami and amino acid composition: N. N. Chang, S. E. Leeman, J. Biol. Chem. 245, 4784 (1970). Amino acid sequence and solid-phase synthesis: Chang et al., Nature New Biol. 232, 86 (1971); Tregear et al., ibid. 87; G. H. Fisher et al., J. Med. Chem. 17, 843 (1974). Additional syntheses: Yajima, Kitigawa, Chem. Pharm. Bull. 21, 682 (1973); Bayer, Mutter, Ber. 107, 1344 (1974); K. Neubert et al., Pharmazie 36, 10 (1981); A. Fournier et al., J. Med. Chem. 25, 64 (1981). Substance P acts as a vasodilator, a depressant, stimulates salivation and produces increased capillary permeability. It is also capable of producing both analgesia and hyperalgesia in animals, depending on dose and pain responsiveness of the animal, see R. C. A. Frederickson et al., Science 199, 1359 (1978); P. Oehme et al., ibid. 208, 305 (1980); role in sensory transmission and pain perception: T. M. Jessell, Adv. Biochem. Psychopharmacol. 28, 189 (1981). Mechanism of action studies: Stern et al., Arch. Pharmacol. 281, 233 (1974); B. G. Livett et al., Nature 278, 256 (1979). Reviews: Haefeli, Huelimann, Experientia 18, 297 (1962); Lembeck, Zetler in International Encyclopedia of Pharmacology and Therapeutics sect. 72, vol. 1, J. M. Walker, Ed. (Pergamon Press, New York, 1971) pp 29-71; J. L. Barker, Physiol. Rev. 56, 435 (1976); D. R. Brown, R. J. Miller, Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 17, 271-280 (1982). Books: U.S. Von Euler, B. Pernow, Eds., Substance P (Raven Press, New York, 1977) 360 pp; Substance P vol. 2, P. Skrabanek, D. Powell, Eds. (Eden Press, Quebec, 1980) 175 pp; Substance P in The Nervous System: Ciba Foundation Symposium 91, R. Porter, M. O'Connor, Eds. (Pitman, London, 1982) 350 pp.
CAS Name: (5a,17b)-17-Methylandrostano[2,3-c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-17-ol
Additional Names: 17b-hydroxy-17a-methyl-5a-androstano[2,3-c]furazan; androfurazanol; furazalonTrademarks: Miotolon (Daiichi)...
Literature References: Anabolic steroid with hypocholesterolemic properties. Prepn: G. Ohta et al., BE 645743; eidem, US 3245988 (1964, 1966 both to Daiichi Seiyaku); Shimizu et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 13, 895 (1965); Ohta et al., ibid. 1445. Pharmacological studies: Kasahara et al., ibid. 13, 1460 (1965); 16, 1456, 1460 (1968). Toxicity: eidem, ibid. 14, 285 (1966). Metabolic studies: Takegoshi et al., ibid. 20, 1243 (1972). GC-MS determn in urine: T. Kim et al., J. Chromatogr. B 687, 79 (1996).
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