
CAS Name: 2-Amino-1,5-dihydro-4,6-pteridinedione
Additional Names: 2-amino-4,6-pteridinediol; 2-amino-4,6-dihydroxypteridine; 2-amino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimido[4,5-b]pyrazine
Percent Composition...
Literature References: Pigment first found in wings of butterflies. Widely distributed in insects and in animals. Has been separated from urine and from the crab. Isoln and structure: Schöpf, Becker, Ann. 507, 266 (1933); 524, 55, 126 (1936); Schöpf, Kottler, Ann. 539, 128 (1939); Wieland, Purrmann, Ann. 544, 163 (1940). See also Fukushima, Shiota, J. Biol. Chem. 247, 4549 (1972). Synthesis: Purrmann, Ann. 546, 98 (1940); 548, 284 (1941); Koschara, Z. Physiol. Chem. 277, 159 (1943); Totter, J. Biol. Chem. 154, 105 (1944); Elion et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71, 741 (1949); Koschara, DE 859471 (1952 to Bayer), C.A. 52, 10222f (1958); Stuart, Wood, J. Chem. Soc. 1963, 4186. Facile synthesis: Taylor, Jacobi, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 95, 4455 (1973); Taylor et al., J. Org. Chem. 40, 2341 (1975). Exhibits tumor inhibitory properties.
CAS Name: 1,2-Dihydro-1-hydroxy-y,y-carotene
Additional Names: 1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxylycopene
Percent Composition: C 86.58%, H 10.54%, O 2.88%
Literature References: Pigment from Rhodovibrio and Thiocystis bacteria: Karrer, Solmssen, Helv. Chim. Acta 18, 1306 (1935); 19, 1019 (1936); Karrer et al., ibid. 21, 454 (1938); from Rhodomicrobium vannielii: Volk, Pennington, J. Bacteriol. 59, 169 (1950); Ryvarden, Jensen, Acta Chem. Scand. 18, 643 (1964). Structure: Jensen, ibid. 13, 842, 2142 (1959). Synthesis: Bonnett et al., ibid. 18, 1739 (1964); Surmatis et al., J. Org. Chem. 31, 186 (1966). Synthesis of deuterated rhodopin: Johansen, Liaaen-Jensen, Acta Chem. Scand. 28B, 301 (1974).
CAS Name: (E)-3-[1,2-Dihydro-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxo-3H-pyrrol-3-ylidene]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one
Additional Names: 3-[2-(5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)-5-oxo-2-pyrrolin-4-ylidene]-2-indolin...
Literature References: Pigment isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum (Bacillus violaceus): Tobie, J. Bacteriol. 29, 223 (1935); Strong, Science 100, 287 (1944); Ballantine et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1958, 755. Structure and synthesis: Ballantine et al., ibid. 1960, 2292. Review: DeMoss in Antibiotics vol. 2, D. Gottlieb, P. D. Shaw, Eds. (Springer, New York, 1967).
CAS Name: 2,3-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-indole-5,6-dione
Additional Names: 3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5,6-indolinedione
Percent Composition: C 60.33%, H 5.06%, N 7.82%, O 26.79%
Literature References: Pigment obtained by the oxidation of epinephrine. Prepn using Ag2O as oxidizing agent: MacCarthy, Chim. Ind. (Paris) 55, 435 (1946). Structure: D. E. Green, D. Richter, Biochem. J. 31, 596 (1937); J. Harley-Mason, Experientia 4, 307 (1948). Probably has the zwitterionic quinonimine structure shown here. Spectral data: A. Lund, Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 5, 1218 (1949). Review: R. A. Heacock, Chem. Rev. 59, 181-237 (1959). Review, as a psychotomimetic agent: R. A. Heacock, Chim. Ther. 6, 300 (1971).
CAS Name: 3-(2-Amino-4,5,6,8-tetrahydro-4,6-dioxo-7(3H)-pteridinylidene)-2-oxopropanoic acid
Additional Names: 2-amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-4,6-dioxo-7-pteridinepyruvic acid
Percent Compositio...
Literature References: Pigment responsible for the red, orange and yellow color spots on the wings of butterflies. Has been detected also in the integument of other insects. Isoln: C. Schöpf, E. Becker, Ann. 524, 49 (1936). Structure: R. Tschesche, H. Ende, Ber. 91, 2074 (1958). Revised structure: W. Pfleiderer, ibid. 95, 2195 (1962). Synthesis: M. Viscontini, H. Stierlin, Helv. Chim. Acta 46, 51 (1963). Correlation to body coloration: E. J. Pfeiler, Jr., J. Res. Lepid. 7, 183 (1968); C. Melber, G. H. Schmidt, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 116A, 17 (1997). Quantification: eidem, ibid. 101B, 115 (1992); Y. Bel et al., Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 34, 83 (1997).
CAS Name: 4-[4,4-Bis(4-fluorophenyl)butyl]-N-ethyl-1-piperazinecarboxamideTrademarks: Hogpax (Ferrosan)
Percent Composition: C 68.81%, H 7.28%, F 9.46%, N 10.47%, O 3.99%
Literature References: Piperazine deriv with effects on stress-induced disorders. Prepn: A. K. K. Björk et al., DE 2941880; US 4308387 (1980, 1981 both to Ferrosan). Effects on psychosomatic disorders in man: E. Christensson et al., 3rd World Congr. Biol. Psychiatr., Abstr. F 78 (Stockholm, 1981). Clinical effects in pig prodn: A. Björk et al., Proc. Int. Pig Vet. Soc. Congr., pp 315, 316, 317 (Mexico, 1982).
CAS Name: 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine
Additional Names: 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
Percent Composition: C 83.19%, H 8.73%, N 8.08%
Literature References: Piperidine derivative which causes irreversible symptoms of parkinsonism in humans, monkeys. Prepn as hydrochloride by Grignard reaction: A. Ziering et al., J. Org. Chem. 12, 894 (1947). Alternative prepn: C. J. Schmidle, R. C. Mansfield, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78, 425 (1956). Identification as impurity in "synthetic heroin" and effect on drug users: J. W. Langston et al., Science 219, 979 (1983). Selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in primates: R. S. Burns et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80, 4546 (1983). In vitro metabolism by rat brain monoamine oxidase to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+): K. Chiba et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 120, 574 (1984). Studies on mechanism of neurotoxicity: J. W. Langston et al., Science 225, 1480 (1984); S. P. Markey et al., Nature 311, 464 (1984). Binding studies in rat brain: C. M. Wieczorek et al., Eur. J. Pharmacol. 98, 453 (1984); B. Parsons, T. C. Rainbow, ibid. 102, 375 (1984); in rat, human brain: J. A. Javitch et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 4591 (1984). Comparison of idiopathic and MPTP-induced parkinsonism in humans: R. S. Burns et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 312, 1418 (1985). Review: T. P. Singer et al., Trends Biochem. Sci. 12, 266-270 (1987); L. M. Sayre, Toxicol. Lett. 48, 121-149 (1989).
CAS Name: Corticotropin
Additional Names: adrenocorticotrop(h)in; corticotrophin; adrenocorticotrop(h)ic hormone of the pituitary gland
Trademarks: Acethropan (Hoechst); Acortan (Ferring); A...
Literature References: Pituitary hormone which stimulates the secretion of adrenal cortical steroids and induces growth of the adrenal cortex. Occurs also in female human urine and in serum of pregnant mares. Isoln procedure from swine pituitaries: Sayers et al., J. Biol. Chem. 149, 425 (1943); Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 52, 199 (1943); from sheep pituitaries: Li et al., J. Biol. Chem. 149, 413 (1943); Li, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74, 2124 (1952); from human pituitaries: Pickering et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 74, 763 (1963). Purification: Johnson, US 3124509 (1964 to Upjohn). Corticotropin is a single chain polypeptide containing 39 amino acids. The first 24 residues are identical in all species. In vivo studies show that this portion of the peptide chain is responsible for the biological activity and that the remaining residues, while not necessary for the hormonal action, are essential in the species immunological specificity of ACTH. The term a-ACTH is used to distinguish it from the pepsin- or acid-degraded product, b-ACTH. Prepn of active cleavage products by hydrolysis and simultaneous dialysis: Wettstein, Benz, US 2734015 (1956 to Ciba). Amino acid sequence of bovine ACTH: Li et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 2587 (1958); proposed structure of human ACTH: Lee et al., J. Biol. Chem. 236, 2970 (1961). Revised amino acid sequences of porcine and human ACTH: Riniker et al., Nature New Biol. 235, 114 (1972). Revised sequences of ovine and bovine ACTH: Li, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 49, 835 (1972). Synthesis of the revised human corticotropin: Sieber et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 55, 1243 (1972); solid phase synthesis: Yamashiro, Li, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 95, 1310 (1973).
CAS Name: N-[(Acetylamino)methyl]-2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide
Additional Names: N-acetamidomethyl-2-chloro-2',6'-diethylacetanilideTrademarks: Limit (Monsanto)
Percent Compositio...
Literature References: Plant growth regulator for cool season grasses. Prepn: NL 7207261; K. W. Ratts, US 3830841 (1972, 1974 both to Monsanto); K. W. Ratts, J. P. Chupp, J. Org. Chem. 39, 3745 (1974). Use as plant growth regulator: K. W. Ratts et al., US 3829306 (1974 to Monsanto). Effect on growth and seedhead suppression of annual bluegrass: A. M. Petrovic et al., Agron. J. 77, 670 (1985); of wild and cultivated proso millet: J. L. Carpenter, H. J. Hopen, HortScience 20, 942 (1985); on established turfgrass: P. C. Bhowmik, Proc. 5th Int. Turfgrass Res. Conf. 735 (1985).
CAS Name: (2a,3a,5a,22R,23R,24S)-2,3,22,23-Tetrahydroxy-B-homo-7-oxaergostan-6-one
Additional Names: 2a,3a,22,23-tetrahydroxy-24-methyl-B-homo-7-oxa-5a-cholestan-6-one
Percent Composition: C...
Literature References: Plant hormone; natural steroid containing a seven-membered B-ring lactone, that promotes both cell elongation and cell division. Over ten brassinosteroids have been isolated and characterized from sources such as pollen, seedling, leaf. Isoln, structure and activity of brassinolide from rape pollen, Brassica napus L.: M. D. Grove et al., Nature 281, 216 (1979). Stereoselective synthesis: S. Fung, J. B. Siddall, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102, 6580 (1980). Synthesis of two stereoisomers: M. J. Thompson et al., J. Org. Chem. 44, 5002 (1979). Improved synthesis: T. Kametani et al., J. Org. Chem. 53, 1982 (1988). Structure-activity relationship of brassinosteroids: S. Takatsuto et al., Phytochemistry 22, 2437 (1983); interaction with cytokinin: C. Schlagnhaufer et al., Physiol. Plant. 60, 347 (1984); bioassay: K. Wada et al., Agric. Biol. Chem. 48, 719 (1984).
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