其它产品项目整合

项目整合的本质是一项集合成方法学、反应工程学与过程分析技术于一体的系统工程。其核心逻辑可以概括为以下几点：源头优选：利用如N-硝胺化学等底层方法学突破，从分子层面颠覆传统高成本、高污染路线。过程强化：依托连续流技术，攻克有机金属试剂应用、光化学反应放大等“不可能”任务，实现高危工艺的本质安全。系统集成：整合“反应-淬灭-分离”全流程，利用微流控与在线分析技术，消除批次间的差异，实现药品制造的连续化与智能化。当前，中间体工艺研发正在经历从“经验驱动”向“数据驱动”的转变。AI辅助路线设计、自动化高通量筛选与连续制造平台的结合，将使得“分子结构与最优工艺路径”之间的映射关系逐渐清晰。未来的竞争优势，将属于那些能够将底层化学创新与先进工程技术进行无缝整合的研发体系。
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其它产品项目整合

Kinoprene CAS Registry Number: 42588-37-4 烯虫炔酯

CAS Name: (2E,4E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoic acid 2-propynyl ester
Additional Names: 2-propynyl (E,E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoateTrademarks: Enstar (Zoecon)
Percent Compositi...
Literature References: Juvenile hormone mimic. Prepn: C. A. Hendrick, DE 2246924 (1973 to Zoecon). Prepd not claimed: idem, US 3833635 (1974 to Zoecon). Activity: R. A. Hamlen, J. Econ. Entomol. 68, 223 (1975); A. DeLoof et al., Entomol. Exp. Appl. 26, 301 (1979).

Hydroprene CAS Registry Number: 41096-46-2 烯虫乙酯

CAS Name: (2E,4E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoic acid ethyl ester
Additional Names: ethyl (2E,4E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoateTrademarks: Gencor (Zoecon); Gentrol (Wellmark)
Perce...
Literature References: Juvenile hormone mimic. Prepn: C. A. Henrick, US 4021461 (1977 to Zoecon); idem et al., J. Agric. Food Chem. 21, 354 (1973); and insecticidal activity of enantiomers: idem et al., ibid. 26, 542 (1978). Effect on sweet potato weevil: G. M. Ram, A. C. Sekhar, Indian J. Comp. Anim. Physiol. 2, 87 (1991); cockroach: B. L. Reid, G. W. Bennett, J. Econ. Entomol. 87, 1537 (1994). Effect of (S)-enantiomer on cockroach: J. P. Edwards, J. E. Short, ibid. 86, 436 (1993). Review and use in food industries: M. Martinez, Cereal Foods World 38, 818-820 (1993).

Potassium CAS Registry Number: 7440-09-7

Additional Names: Kalium
Literature References: K; at. wt 39.0983; at. no. 19; valence 1. Group IA (1). Alkali metal. Occurrence in earth's crust: 2.59% by wt. Naturally occurring isotopes: 39 (93.26%); 40 (0.012%); 41 (6.73%); 40K is radioactive: T½ 1.27 ´ 109 years; known isotopes range in mass number from 35 to 54. Found mainly as the chloride (sylvite); also in the aluminosilicates orthoclase, and microcline (KAlSi3O8), and as carnallite (KCl.MgCl2.6H2O). Major essential element for plant growth. First prepd in free form by Davy in 1807 by electrolysis of fused potassium hydroxide. Produced industrially by chemical reduction. Prepns: Hackspill, Helv. Chim. Acta 11, 1003 (1928); Jackson, Werner, US 2480655 (1949 to Mine Safety Appliances Co.). NMR spectrum of potassium anion (K-): P. P. Edwards et al., Nature 317, 242 (1985). Reviews: Whaley, "Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, and Francium" in Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry vol. 1, J. C. Bailar, Jr. et al., Eds. (Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1973) pp 369-529; Chemistry of the Elements N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, Eds. (Pergamon Press, New York, 1984) pp 75-116; K.-W. Chiu in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology vol. 19 (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 4th ed., 1996) pp 1047-1057.

Oxcarbazepine CAS Registry Number: 28721-07-5 奥卡西平

CAS Name: 10,11-Dihydro-10-oxo-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide
Additional Names: oxacarbazepineTrademarks: Trileptal (Novartis)
Percent Composition: C 71.42%, H 4.79%, N 11.10%, O 12.68%
Literature References: Ketoderivative of carbamazepine, q.v. Prepn: W. Schindler, DE 2011087 (1970 to Geigy); idem, US 3642775 (1972 to Ciba-Geigy). Improved prepn: D. Kaufmann et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 45, 5275 (2004). Metabolism: H. Schütz et al., Xenobiotica 16, 769 (1986). Hyponatremic effects: O. A. Nielsen et al., Epilepsy Res. 2, 269 (1988). Determn of oxcarbazepine and main metabolites by GC in plasma: G. E. Von Unruh, W. D. Paar, J. Chromatogr. 345, 67 (1985); by HPLC: A. A. Elyas, V. D. Goldberg, ibid. 528, 473 (1990). Clinical evaluation in treatment of epilepsy: M. Dam et al., Epilepsy Res. 3, 70 (1989); in management of trigeminal neuralgia: J. M. Zakrzewska, P. N. Patsalos, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 52, 472 (1989). Review of pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy: A. Beydoun, E. Kutluay, Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 3, 59-71 (2001).

Loganin CAS Registry Number: 18524-94-2 马钱苷; 番木鳖苷

CAS Name: 1-(b-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-6-hydroxy-7-methylcyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester
Additional Names: 7-hydroxy-6-desoxyverbenalin
Percent Composi...
Literature References: Key intermediate in the biosynthesis of indole alkaloids. First isolated from the seeds but chiefly from the pulp of the fruit of Strychnos nux-vomica L., Loganiaceae: Dunstan, Short, Pharm. J. 14, 1025 (1883); Merz, Krebs, Arch. Pharm. 275, 217 (1937); Merz, Lehmann, ibid. 290, 543 (1957). Structure: Sheth et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1961, 394; Büchi, Manning, Tetrahedron 18, 1049 (1962). Crystal structure: Lentz, Rossmann, Chem. Commun. 1969, 1269; P. G. Jones et al., Acta Crystallogr. B36, 481 (1980). Abs config: Inouye et al., Tetrahedron 26, 3905 (1970). Total synthesis: Büchi et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 92, 2165 (1970); Partridge et al., ibid. 95, 532 (1973); Büchi et al., ibid. 540; B.-W. Au-Yeung, I. Fleming, Chem. Commun. 1977, 81; I. Fleming, B.-W. Au-Yeung, Tetrahedron 37, Suppl. 9, 13 (1981); K. Hiroi et al., Chem. Lett. 1981, 559. Biosynthetic studies: Battersby, "Biosynthesis II: Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids", in The Alkaloids vol. 1, The Chemical Society (Burlington House, London, 1971) pp 31-47.

Cyclic AMP CAS Registry Number: 60-92-4 环磷酸腺苷

CAS Name: Adenosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate)
Additional Names: adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate; adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate; adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate; adenosine 3',5'-ph...
Literature References: Key intracellular regulator of a number of cellular processes; found in most animal cells, in bacteria, and in some higher plants. First isoln and identification: Rall et al., J. Biol. Chem. 224, 463 (1957); Sutherland, Rall, ibid. 232, 1077 (1958). Molecular structure and conformation: Cook et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 3607 (1957); Lipkin et al., ibid. 81, 6198 (1959); Watenpaugh et al., Science 159, 206 (1968). Syntheses: Smith et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83, 698 (1961); Borden, Smith, J. Org. Chem. 31, 3247 (1966). Physical data: D. Lipkin et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 6075 (1959). Functions as a mediator of hormone-action for a variety of hormones such as epinephrine, glucagon and ACTH, q.q.v. Activates phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinases. Defined as a "second messenger" because of its response to hormones ("first messengers"). Converted from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the enzyme adenylate cyclase. Deactivated by cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases which convert it to 5¢-adenylic acid. Reviews of biochemical model: Sutherland et al., J. Biol. Chem. 237, 1220-1243 (1962); Robison et al., Annu. Rev. Biochem. 37, 149 (1968); Jost, Rickenberg, ibid. 40, 741 (1971); Sutherland, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 214, 1281 (1970); Pastan, Perlman, Nature New Biol. 229, 5 (1971); G. A. Robison et al., Eds., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 185, (1971); Losert, Pharmazie 28, 351 (1973). See also Cyclic GMP. Identity with acrasin from cellular slime molds (Dictyostelium species), where it acts as a "first" rather than a "second messenger": Konijn et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 58, 1152 (1967). Review of quantitative methods: Methods in Molecular Biology vol. 3, "Methods in Cyclic Nucleotide Research", Mark Chasin, Ed. (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1972). Books: G. A. Robison et al., Cyclic AMP (Academic Press, New York, 1971); Advan. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. vols. 1, 2, 3, P. Greengard, G. A. Robison, Eds. (Raven Press, New York, 1972, 1973); Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 58, "Cyclic Nucleotides", Pt I: Biochemistry and Pt II: Physiology Pharmacology, J. A. Nathanson, J. W. Kobabian, Eds. (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1982) 736 and 1000 pp resp.

Levulinic Acid CAS Registry Number: 123-76-2 乙酰丙酸

CAS Name: 4-Oxopentanoic acid
Additional Names: laevulinic acid; b-acetylpropionic acid
Percent Composition: C 51.72%, H 6.94%, O 41.33%
Literature References: Laboratory procedure from starch or cane sugar by boiling with HCl: McKenzie, Org. Synth. coll. vol. I, 335 (1941). Produced commercially from low grade cellulose. By-product of furfural manuf. Extensive review: Leonard, Ind. Eng. Chem. 48, 1331 (1956).

Deoxycholic Acid CAS Registry Number: 83-44-3 去氧胆酸

CAS Name: (3a,5b,12a)-3,12-Dihydroxy-5-cholan-24-oic acid
Additional Names: 17b-(1-methyl-3-carboxypropyl)etiocholane-3a,12a-diol; desoxycholic acid
Percent Composition: C 73.43%, H 10.27%, ...
Literature References: Lacks the C-7 hydroxy group of cholic acid. Occurs in bile of man, ox, sheep, dog, goat, and rabbit. Isoln: Wieland, Siebert, Z. Physiol. Chem. 262, 1 (1939). From cholic acid: Sifferd, US 2765316 (1956 to Armour). Structure and synthesis: L. F. Fieser, M. Fieser, Steroids (Reinhold, New York, 1959). Laboratory prepn from ox bile: Gattermann-Wieland, Praxis des Organischen Chemikers (de Gruyter, Berlin, 40th ed., 1961) p 361. Forms molecular coordination compds (so-called choleic acids) with many substances. Complexes wth fatty acids have been studies extensively: Sobotka, Goldberg, Biochem. J. 26, 555 (1932); Sobotka, Chem. Rev. 15, 362 (1934). Surface activity: idem, Chemistry of the Steroids, New York (1938).

o-Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile CAS Registry Number: 2698-41-1 邻氯亚苄基丙二腈

CAS Name: [(2-Chlorophenyl)methylene]propanedinitrile
Additional Names: o-chlorobenzalmalononitrile; b,b-dicyano-o-chlorostyrene; CS
Percent Composition: C 63.68%, H 2.67%, Cl 18.80%, N 14.8...
Literature References: Lacrimatory chemical warfare agent. Prepn: B.B. Corson, R. W. Stoughton, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 50, 2825 (1928). Pharmacology: R. W. Brimblecombe et al., Br. J. Pharmacol. 44, 561 (1972). Toxicology: C. L. Punte et al., Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 4, 656 (1962); J. R. Gaskins et al., Arch. Environ. Health 24, 449 (1972); B. Ballantyne, S. Callaway, Med. Sci. Law 12, 43 (1972). Comparative toxicity of CS and w-chloroacetophenone, q.v.: B. Ballantyne, D. W. Swanston, Arch. Toxicol. 40, 75 (1978).

DCM CAS Registry Number: 51325-91-8 4-(二氰基亚甲基)-2-甲基-6-(4-二甲基氨基苯乙烯基)-4H-吡喃

CAS Name: [2-[2-[4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]ethenyl]-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene]propanedinitrile
Additional Names: 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6-p-dimethylaminostyryl-4H-pyran
Percent Composit...
Literature References: Laser dye characterized by a broad tuning range. Prepn: F. G. Webster, W. C. McColgin, FR 2156723; eidem, US 3852683 (1973, 1974 both to Eastman Kodak); P. R. Hammond, Opt. Commun. 29, 331 (1979). Fluorescence lifetime measurements of cis/trans isomers: M. Meyer et al., Chem. Phys. Lett. 150, 484 (1988). Photophysical properties and consequences for use: J.-C. Mialocq, M. Meyer, Laser Chem. 10, 277 (1990). Transient spectra: S. A. Kovalenko et al., Chem. Phys. Lett. 258, 445 (1996). Use in polyimide systems for electro-optic devices: S. Ermer et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 61, 2272 (1992); in chemical actinometers: J.-C. Mialocq et al., J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 69, 351 (1993).