
CAS Name: 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose
Additional Names: chitosamine
Percent Composition: C 40.22%, H 7.31%, N 7.82%, O 44.65%
Literature References: Found in chitin, in mucoproteins, and in mucopolysaccharides. Isoln from chitin: Ledderhose, Z. Physiol. Chem. 2, 213 (1878); Hackman, Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 7, 168 (1954). Synthesis: Fischer, Leuchs, Ber. 35, 3787 (1902); 36, 24 (1903). Separation of a- and b-forms: Westphal, Holzmann, ibid. 75B, 1274 (1942). Structure: Haworth et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1939, 271; Cutler, Peat, ibid. 782; Cox, Jeffrey, Nature 143, 894 (1939). Pharmacokinetics in dog and man: I. Setnikar et al., Arzneim.-Forsch. 36, 729 (1986). Clinical trials in arthrosis: Y. Vajarudal, Clin. Ther. 3, 336 (1981); M. J. Tapadinhas et al., Pharmatherapeutica 3, 157 (1982). Review: Foster, Stacey, "The Chemistry of the 2-Amino Sugars" in C. S. Hudson et al., Advan. Carbohyd. Chem. vol. 7 (Academic Press, New York, 1952) pp 247-288. Review of pharmacology, toxicology and clinical efficacy: J. W. Anderson et al., Food Chem. Toxicol. 43, 187-201 (2005).
CAS Name: (8a,9R)-10,11-Dihydrocinchonan-9-ol
Additional Names: (-)-dihydrocinchonidine; cinchamidine
Percent Composition: C 76.99%, H 8.16%, N 9.45%, O 5.40%
Literature References: Found in cinchona barks: Forst, Böhringer, Ber. 14, 1270 (1881); Hesse, ibid. 1683; idem, Ann. 214, 1 (1882); Skita, Nord, Ber. 45, 3312 (1912); Heidelberger, Jacobs, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 41, 817 (1919). Configuration: Ochiai et al., J. Pharm. Soc. Jpn. 67, 211 (1947). Stereospecific synthesis from secologanin: R. T. Brown, D. Curless, Tetrahedron Lett. 27, 6005 (1986). Total synthesis: M. Ihara et al., J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1988, 1277. Stereoisomer of hydrocinchonine, q.v.
CAS Name: 2-Methylpyridine
Percent Composition: C 77.38%, H 7.58%, N 15.04%
Literature References: Found in coal tar and in bone oil. Synthesis (40-50% yield) from cyclohexylamine with excess ammonia and zinc chloride at 350°: Nordt, PB Report 704 (1941). Prepn from ethylene-mercuric acetate adduct and ammonia water (70% yield): Gumboldt, Feichtinger, Z. Naturforsch. 4b, 123 (1949). Toxicity study: H. F. Smyth et al., Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 4, 119 (1951). Physical properties: Biddiscombe et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1954, 1957. Review of the various methods of condensing aldehydes, ketones, ethylene, butadiene, etc., with ammonia: F. Brody, P. R. Ruby in A. Weissberger, The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds vol. 14, part I (New York, 1960) pp 99-589. Contains 1851 references.
CAS Name: 4-Methylpyridine
Additional Names: 4-picoline
Percent Composition: C 77.38%, H 7.58%, N 15.04%
Literature References: Found in coal tar, in bone oil, in urine of horses. Isoln from technical picolines: Flaschner, J. Chem. Soc. 95, 669 (1909). Toxicity study: H. F. Smyth et al., Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 10, 61 (1954).
CAS Name: 12,12a-Dihydro-8,9-dimethoxy[1]benzopyrano[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h][1]benzopyran-6(6aH)-one
Additional Names: derride
Percent Composition: C 68.18%, H 4.58%, O 27.25%
Literature References: Found in derris resins of low rotenone content. Isoln of naturally occurring (-)-form from Derris elliptica (Wall.) Benth., Leguminosae: Buckley, J. Soc. Chem. Ind. 55, 285T (1936); Harper, Chem. Ind. (London) 57, 1059 (1938); 58, 292 (1939); J. Chem. Soc. 1939, 1099; see also Meyer, Koolhaas, Rec. Trav. Chim. 58, 207 (1939). Structure: Harper, J. Chem. Soc. 1939, 1424; 1942, 593. Comparison with similar substances: Seiferle, Frear, Ind. Eng. Chem. 40, 683 (1948). Total synthesis of (±)-form: Fukami et al., Agric. Biol. Chem. 29, 82 (1965), C.A. 62, 13115e (1963). Synthesis of (-)-form from rotenone, q.v.: P. B. Anzeveno, J. Heterocycl. Chem. 16, 1643 (1979).
CAS Name: 3,7,11-Trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol
Additional Names: peruviol
Percent Composition: C 81.02%, H 11.79%, O 7.19%
Literature References: Found in essential oils from many flowers such as Melaleuca viridiflora Soland., Myrtaceae and Myroxylon pereirae (Royle) Klotzsch, Leguminosae: Naves, Compt. Rend. 251, 900 (1960). Isoln: Hellyer, McKern, J. Proc. R. Soc. N.S.W. 89, (Pt. 4), 188 (1955); Sutherland et al., Aust. J. Chem. 13, 357 (1960). Synthesis: Nazarov et al., Zh. Obshch. Khim. 28, 1444 (1958); Ofner et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 42, 2577 (1959); Shvarts, Petrov, Zh. Obshch. Khim. 30, 3598 (1960). Exists in two stereoisomeric forms: Bates et al., J. Org. Chem. 28, 1086 (1963).
CAS Name: 2,3,4,9-Tetrahydro-6-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole
Additional Names: aldosterone-stimulating hormone; ASH; 1-methyl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-carboline
Percent Compo...
Literature References: Found in extracts of pineal gland tissue: Farrell, Circulation 21, 1009 (1960); Farrell, McIsaac, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 94, 543 (1961). Synthesis from 5-methoxytryptamine and acetaldehyde: McIsaac, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 52, 607 (1961); Meek et al., Chem. Ind. (London) 1964, 622.
CAS Name: (3b,5b)-Cholestan-3-ol
Additional Names: 3b-coprostanol; stercorin
Percent Composition: C 83.44%, H 12.45%, O 4.12%
Literature References: Found in feces of man and of carnivorous animals: Bondzynski, Humnicki, Z. Physiol. Chem. 22, 396 (1896); Wells et al., Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 57, 437 (1955); Samuel et al., J. Chromatogr. 14, 508 (1964). Prepn from coprostenone: Ruzicka et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 17, 1407 (1934); Shoppee, Summers, J. Chem. Soc. 1950, 687. From coprostenol: Schönheimer, Evans, J. Biol. Chem. 114, 567 (1936); Ruzicka et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 21, 498 (1938); Agashe, Summers, J. Chem. Soc. 1957, 3107; Dart, Henbest, ibid. 1960, 3563. Prepn from cholesterol: Rosenfeld, Gallagher, Steroids 4, 515 (1964).
CAS Name: 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(b-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,5-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
Additional Names: quercetin-7-D-glucoside; 3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone-7-D-glucoside
Perce...
Literature References: Found in flowers of Gossypium herbaceum L., Malvaceae: Perkin, J. Chem. Soc. 95, 2181 (1909); from leaves of Chrysanthemum ségetum L. and C. coronarium L., Compositae: Geissman, Steelink, J. Org. Chem. 22, 946 (1957); Anyas, Steelink, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 90, 63 (1960). In the mother liquor from quercimeritrin the glucosides gossypitrin and isoquercitrin, q.v., are also found. Structure: Attree, Perkin, J. Chem. Soc. 1927, 234; Rao, Seshadri, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 9A, 365 (1939), C.A. 34, 1071 (1940); Pacheco, Grouiller, Compt. Rend. 253, 1178 (1961).
CAS Name: 5,6-Dihydro-2-hydroxy-3,9,10-trimethoxydibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium
Additional Names: 7,8,13,13a-tetradehydro-2-hydroxy-3,9,10-trimethoxyberbinium
Literature References: Found in Jatrorrhiza palmata (DC.) Miers (J. columba Miers), Menispermaceae: Breslau, Arch. Pharm. 245, 586 (1908); Späth, Burger, Ber. 59, 1486 (1926); Reed, Diss. Abstr. 23, 3638 (1963); from Berberis lambertii R. N. Parker, Berberidaceae: Chatterjee, Banerjee, J. Indian Chem. Soc. 30, 705 (1953). Synthesis from berberine: Cava, Reed, J. Org. Chem. 32, 1640 (1967).
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