专利号:US-2007087470-A1 优先权日:2005-09-30 标题:Vapor phase synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanowires 发明人:SUNKARA MAHENDRA K; VADDIRAJU SREERAM; DEB BISWAPRIYA; THANGALA JYOTHISH 权利人:SUNKARA MAHENDRA K; VADDIRAJU SREERAM; DEB BISWAPRIYA; THANGALA JYOTHISH 摘要:Vapor phase methods for synthesizing metal nanowires directly without the help of templates. A vapor phase method in which nucleation and growth of metal oxides at temperatures higher than the oxide decomposition temperatures lead to the respective metal nanowires. The chemical vapor transport of tungsten in the presence of oxygen onto substrates kept at temperatures higher than the tungsten oxide decomposition temperature (Ëœ1450° C.) led to nucleation and growth of pure metallic tungsten nanowires. In a similar procedure, tungsten oxide nanowires were synthesized by maintaining the substrates at a temperature lower than the decomposition temperature of tungsten oxide. The vapor transport of low-melting metal oxides provides a procedure for synthesizing metal and metal oxide nanowires.
专利号:US-4126668-A 优先权日:1975-05-23 标题:Production of hydrogen rich gas by combined steam reforming and intermediate oxidation-reduction 发明人:ERICKSON DONALD C 权利人:ERICKSON DONALD C 摘要:A hydrogen rich gas such as pure hydrogen, ammonia synthesis gas, or methanol synthesis gas is generated by reacting steam with a nongaseous intermediate, whereby some of the steam is reduced to hydrogen and some of the intermediate is oxidized. Carbon dioxide may be added to or substituted for the steam, whereby carbon monoxide is produced in addition to or in lieu of H 2 . The oxidized intermediate is reduced by a reducing gas. The reducing gas is generated by partially reforming a light hydrocarbon such as natural gas or naphtha with steam and/or CO 2 , and then partially oxidizing the partially reformed gas with air. The low BTU exhaust gas resulting after reduction of intermediate oxide is used as fuel for the primary reformer. When ammonia synthesis gas is produced by this process, the purge and flash gases from the ammonia synthesis loop are added to the reducing gas.
专利号:US-2007264189-A1 优先权日:2005-05-19 标题 :Synthesis of Metal-Metal Oxide Catalysts and Electrocatalysts Using a Metal Cation Adsorption/Reduction and Adatom Replacement by More Noble Ones
专利号:US-4608397-A 优先权日:1984-01-26 标题:Filler-containing polyurethane (urea) compositions prepared from prepolymers reacted with water in the presence of lignite or peat 发明人:REISCHL ARTUR 权利人:BAYER AG 摘要:The invention relates to a process for the production of polyurethane(urea) compositions which contain lignite and/or peat bound in an abrasion-proof manner, which are preferably modified cationically and which have a very high water absorbability. The compositions are produced by reacting isocyanate-terminated prepolymers, which are preferably cationically modified, and which preferably have a functionality of more than 2.1, with more than the stoichiometric quantity of water in the presence of lignite and/or peat and optionally in the presence of organic and/or inorganic fillers and biomasses (living cells, living bacteria or enzymes). The corresponding polyurethane(urea) compositions contain up to 95% by weight of lignite and/or peat in the filler-containing polyurethane(urea) composition and are already swollen from production. The water absorbability (WAF) value thereof when suspended in water is from 33 to 97% by weight of water. The compositions can be used, in a form optionally containing biomasses incorporated therein, as carriers in microbial synthesis processes for the production of complicated organic compounds, or as carriers for the growth of plants.
专利号:US-7704918-B2 优先权日:2005-05-19 标 题 :Synthesis of metal-metal oxide catalysts and electrocatalysts using a metal cation adsorption/reduction and adatom replacement by more noble ones
专利号:US-4855052-A 优先权日:1984-01-26 标题 :Foam-containing polyurethane (urea) compositions and process for the preparation thereof 发明人:REISCHL ARTHUR 权利人:BAYER AG 摘要:This invention relates to polyurethane(urea) compositions which contain foam and which are preferably cationically modified, contain non-abrasively bonded fillers and have a very high water absorbability (WAF). Production is effected by reacting isocyanate-terminated prepolymers with a quantity of water far exceeding the stoichiometric quantity in the presence of foams in particle or film form. The reaction mixture may also contain lignite powder and/or peat, other inorganic and organic fillers and/or biomasses (living cells, living bacteria, enzymes). The polyurethane(urea) compositions contain up to 95% by weight of foam particles and may contain further fillers (preferably lignite and/or peat). The compositions are swollen and have a high water content during production. Their water absorbability (WAF) when suspended in water is 33 to 97% by weight of water. They can be used as carriers in microbic synthesis processes for the production of complicated organic compounds (when they have incorporated biomasses) as special carriers for the growth of plants, as filter agents or as adsorbents for non water-soluble liquids [for example, crude oil or petrol].
参考文献:10.1038/srep15257 摘要:Nave MI, Allen JP, Karen Chen-Wiegart Y, Wang J, Kalidindi SR, Kornev KG. In situ X-ray nanotomography of metal surfaces during electropolishing. Scientific Reports. 2015 Oct 15;5(1):15257. doi: 10.1038/srep15257.