专利号:US-9505623-B1 优先权日:2014-06-24 标 题 :One-step synthesis of graphene quantum dots 发明人:QIN YIRU; Zhou shu-feng 权利人:QIN YIRU; Zhou shu-feng; UNIV SOUTH FLORIDA 摘要:Methods of making graphene quantums dots are provided. The methods can produce graphene quantum dots with a monodisperse size distribution. The graphene quantum dots are produced, via one-pot synthesis, from a graphene source and a strong oxidizing mixture at an elevated temperature. The strong oxidizing mixture can contain one or more permanganates and one or more oxidizing acids. Exemplary permanganates include sodium permanganate, potassium permanganate, and calcium permanganate. Exemplary oxidizing acids include nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The graphene quantum dots can have an average particle size of between about 1 nm and 20 nm and a monodisperse size distribution. For example, the size distribution can have a span about 1 or less and/or a coefficient of variance of about 0.5 or less. About 40% or more of the graphene quantum dots can have a diameter within ±5 nm of the average particle size of the graphene quantum dots.
专利号:US-4259443-A 优先权日:1979-02-05 标 题 :Synthesis of ascorbic acid from lactose 发明人:DANEHY JAMES P 权利人:BERNARD WOLNAK AND ASSOCIATES 摘要:A method of synthesizing vitamin C (ascorbic acid) directly from the hydrolysis products of lactose. Lactose, economically obtained from whey, undergoes hydrolysis with a warm aqueous slurry of lactase to produce D-galactose and D-glucose. Preparing the methyl glycosides of these two sugars protects a labile C-O linkage during the oxidation of the sugars to D-galacturonic acid and D-glucuronic acid. The mixture of these acids, after the removal of the methyl group through hydrolysis, undergoes reduction with gaseous hydrogen in the presence of an Adams catalyst or Raney nickel to produce a mixture of L-gulonic acid and L-galactonic acid. Removing the water from these acids forces their conversion into the corresponding lactones. Because of the applicable rate constants, adding water to the lactones does not result in their rapid reconversion to the acids. Accordingly, they can then undergo oxidation, in the presence of an enzyme obtained from pea seeds, to L-ascorbic acid.
专利号:US-4115521-A 优先权日:1976-03-22 标 题:Process for the synthesis of decaborane(14) 发明人:DUNKS GARY BURR; ORDONEZ KATHY PALMER 权利人:UNION CARBIDE CORP 摘要:Decaborane (14) is prepared by the chemical oxidation of the tetradecahydroundecaborate (-1) ion with an oxidant having an electrode potential (E°) of at least +0.6 volts.
专利号:US-7083516-B2 优先权日:2003-07-14 标题 :Process for the production of triiodotrimesic acid 发明人:PLATZEK JOHANNES; NIEDBALLA ULRICH; SCHIRMER HEIKO; GRIES HEINZ 权利人:SCHERING AG 摘要:A new process for the production of triiodotrimesic acid that is used as an intermediate product for the synthesis of x-ray contrast media is described.
专利号:US-7355067-B2 优先权日:2003-07-14 标 题 :Process for the production of triiodotrimesic acid 发明人:SCHIRMER HEIKO; NIEDBALLA LEGAL REPRESENTATIVE; PLATZEK JOHANNES; MARTIN JOSE LUIS; HARTO JUAN R; CARRETERO JOSE 权利人:SCHERING AG 摘要:A new process for the production of triiodotrimesic acid that is used as an intermediate product for the synthesis of x-ray contrast media is described.
专利号:US-7749985-B2 优先权日:2006-09-15 标 题 :Acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs, methods of synthesis and use 发明人:GALLOP MARK A; XU FENG; PHAN THU; DILIP USHA; PENG GE 权利人:XENOPORT INC 摘要:Acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of 3-aminopropylphosphinic acid and analogs thereof, methods of making acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of 3-aminopropylphosphinic acid and analogs thereof, methods of using acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of 3-aminopropylphosphinic acid and analogs thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs 3-aminopropylphosphinic acid and analogs thereof for treating diseases or disorders such as mild cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's disease, depression, anxiety, and epilepsy are disclosed. Acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of 3-aminopropylphosphinic acid and analogs thereof, which are suitable for oral administration and sustained release oral dosage forms are also disclosed.