专利号:WO-0112817-A1 优先权日:1999-08-12 标题:Evolution and use of enzymes for combinathorial and medicinal chemistry 发明人:KREBBER CLAUS; DAVIS S CHRISTOPHER; DELCARDAYRE STEPHEN; SELIFONOV SERGEY A; HOWARD RUSSELL 权利人:MAXYGEN INC; LIU LU; KREBBER CLAUS; DAVIS S CHRISTOPHER; DELCARDAYRE STEPHEN; SELIFONOV SERGEY A; HOWARD RUSSELL 摘要:This invention provides libraries of recombinant derivatizing enzymes that are useful for biocatalytic synthesis of derivatives oforganic molecules, including lead compounds for pharmaceutical use. The recombinant derivatizing enzymes catalyze reactions such as modification or replacement of functional groups on the organicmolecules, or addition of chemical moieties onto preexisting functional groups. The use of recombinant enzyme libraries enables one to obtain enzymes that catalyze the formation of organic molecule derivatives that could not otherwise be made using only naturally occurring enzymes.
专利号:US-6699676-B1 优先权日:1999-06-03 标题:Uses of ouabain and ouabain-like molecules in apoptosis related pathologies 发明人:ORLOV SERGEI N; HAMET PAVEL; TREMBLAY JOHANNE 权利人:CORP DU CT DE RECH DU CT HOSPI 摘要:Longterm elevation of the intracellular Na + /K + ratio inhibits macromolecule synthesis and proliferation in the majority of cell types studied so far, including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). We report here that inhibition of the Na + ,K + pump in VSMC by ouabain or 1 hour preincubation in K + -depleted medium attenuated apoptosis triggered by serum withdrawal, staurosporine or okadaic acid. In the absence of ouabain, both DNA degradation and caspase-3 activation in VSMC undergoing apoptosis were insensitive to modification of the extracellular Na + /K + ratio as well as to hyperosmotic cell shrinkage. In contrast, protection of VSMC from apoptosis by ouabain was abolished under equimolar substitution of Na + o with K + o , showing that the anti apoptotic action of Na + ,K + pump inhibition was caused by inversion of the intracellular Na + /K + ratio. Unlike VSMC, the same level of increment of the [Na + ] i /[K + ] i ratio caused by 2 hours preincubation of Jurkat cells with ouabain did not affect chromatin cleavage and caspase-3 activity triggered by treatment with Fas ligand, staurosporine or hyperosmotic shrinkage. Thus, our results show for the first time that similarly to cell proliferation, maintenance of a physiologically low intracellular Na + /K + ratio is required for progression of VSMC apoptosis.
专利号:RU-2151143-C1 优先权日:1993-11-15 标题:Substituted 5-membered heterocycles, method of their synthesis, pharmaceutical composition