专利号:US-4451565-A 优先权日:1981-03-10 标 题:Enzyme-mediated synthesis of esters and lactones 发明人:GATFIELD IAN; SAND THEODOR 权利人:HAARMANN & REIMER GMBH 摘要:In the enzyme-mediated synthesis of an ester or lactone from at least one carboxylic acid of the formula R-CH2-CH2-COOH wherein R is a hydrogen atom, or a hydrocarbon radical which has 1 to 21 carbon atoms and which can be optionally substituted by hydroxyl groups or alkoxy groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, with at least one primary or secondary alcohol having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, the improvement which comprises employing as the enzyme the esterase from Mucor miehei and effecting the synthesis in the absence of water. Advantageously, the synthesis is effected at about room temperature, the mol ratio of carboxylic acid to alcohol is from about 1:1 to 1:1.1, and the enzyme is used in a quantity of about 3 to 20% by weight of the carboxylic acid. The absence of water facilitates recovery, as by distillation.
专利号:WO-9103452-A1 优先权日:1989-09-08 标题:Asymmetric synthesis of acids by the palladium catalysed hydrocarboxylation of olefins 发明人:ALPER HOWARD 权利人:BRITISH PETROLEUM CO PLC 摘要:A process for preparing a chiral carboxylic acid or ester thereof, either as a single enantiomer or as a mixture of enantiomers in which the presence of one enantiomer is enhanced relative to the others comprises reacting a prochiral olefinic function and either water or an alcoholic function with carbon monoxide in the presence of a protonic acid other than nitric acid, a single enantiomer of an optically active compound chosen from the class of chiral phosphoric acids or derivatives thereof, and a catalyst comprising (a) at least one of the metals palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and cobalt and (b) copper. A preferred class of optically active compounds comprises either the (S+) or the (R-) enantiomer of 2,21-(1,11-Binaphthyl) phosphoric acid or its esters or its salts, optionally substituted.
专利号:US-2014148574-A1 优先权日:2012-11-29 标题 :Synthesis of an intermediate of an antiviral compound 发明人:ALLEGRINI PIETRO; BRUNOLDI ENRICO; ATTOLINO EMANUELE; BOVE ALESSIO 权利人:ALLEGRINI PIETRO; BRUNOLDI ENRICO; ATTOLINO EMANUELE; BOVE ALESSIO; DIPHARMA FRANCIS SRL 摘要:Process for the preparation of a cyclopropylamide compound which is useful as a structural unit in a process for the preparation of a viral protease inhibitor.
专利号:US-4451392-A 优先权日:1982-09-30 标题:Synthesis of triconjugated dienones and novel intermediates used in said process 发明人:EVERS WILLIAM J; STORK GILBERT; MOOKHERJEE BARJA D; HEINSOHN JR HOWARD H 权利人:INT FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES INC 摘要:Described is a process for preparing triconjugated dienones defined according to the structure: wherein R1 represents C1-C8 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl methyl and wherein R2 represents hydrogen or C1-C5 lower alkyl; and wherein the wavy lines are indicative of a 'cis' or a 'trans' juxtaposition of the R2, methyl, acyl or vinyl moieties about one or both of the carbon-carbon double bonds which process involves the reaction of an acyl halide having the structure: (wherein X represents chloro) with a substituted or unsubstituted prenyl ester having the structure: wherein R3 represents C1-C5 alkyl in the presence of an aluminum chloride catalyst and a methylene dichloride solvent in order to form the novel intermediate genus defined according to the structure: then dehydrohalogenating the compound defined according to the structure: using an alkali metal carbonate and a dimethylformamide solvent in order to form the novel compound genus having the structure: wherein one of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon double bond and the other of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon single bond; and then dehydroacyloxylating the compound having the structure: in order to form the compound having the structure: the dehydroacyloxylation step taking place in the presence of an alkali metal carbonate and dimethylformamide solvent.
专利号:US-4560791-A 优先权日:1982-09-30 标题:Synthesis of triconjugated dienones and intermediates used in said process 发明人:EVERS WILLIAM J; STORK GILBERT; MOOKHERJEE BRAJA D; HEINSOHN JR HOWARD H 权利人:INT FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES INC 摘要:Described is a process for preparing triconjugated dienones defined according to the structure: wherein R1 represents C1-C8 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl methyl and wherein R2 represents hydrogen or C1-C5 lower alkyl; and wherein the wavy lines are indicative of a 'cis' or a 'trans' juxtaposition of the R2, methyl, acyl or vinyl moieties about one or both of the carbon-carbon double bonds which process involves the reaction of an acyl halide having the structure: (wherein X represents chloro) with a substituted or unsubstituted prenyl ester having the structure: wherein R3 represents C1-C5 alkyl in the presence of an aluminum chloride catalyst and a methylene dichloride solvent in order to form the novel intermediate genus defined according to the structure: then dehydrohalogenating the compound defined according to the structure: using an alkali metal carbonate and a dimethylformamide solvent in order to form the novel compound genus having the structure: wherein one of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon double bond and the other of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon single bond; and then dehydroacyloxylating the compound having the structure: in order to form the compound having the structure: the dehydroacyloxylation step taking place in the presence of an akali metal carbonate and dimethylformamide solvent.
专利号:US-4467820-A 优先权日:1982-09-30 标题 :Synthesis of triconjugated dienones and novel intermediates used in said process 发明人:EVERS WILLIAM J; STORK GILBERT; MOOKHERJEE BRAJA D; HEINSOHN JR HOWARD H 权利人:INT FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES INC 摘要:Described is a process for preparing triconjugated dienones defined according to the structure: wherein R1 represents C1-C8 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl methyl and wherein R2 represents hydrogen or C1-C5 lower alkyl; and wherein the wavy lines are indicative of a 'Cis' or a 'trans' juxtaposition of the R2, methyl, acyl or vinyl moieties about one or both of the carbon-carbon double bonds which process involves the reaction of an acyl halide having the structure: with a substituted or unsubstituted prenyl ester having the structure: wherein R3 represents C1-C5 alkyl in the presence of an aluminum chloride catalyst and a methylene dichloride solvent in order to form the novel intermediate genus defined according to the structure: then dehydrohalogenating the compound defined according to the structure: using an alkali metal carbonate and a dimethylformamide solvent in order to form the novel compound genus having the structure: wherein one of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon double bond and the other of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon single bond; and then dehydroacyloxylating the compound having the structure: in order to form the compound having the structure: the dehydroacyloxylation step taking place in the presence of an alkali metal carbonate and dimethylformamide solvent.