专利号:US-2005087449-A1 优先权日:2002-03-04 标题:Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia 发明人:DENVIR ADRIAN; MURPHY OLIVER J; CISAR ALAN; ROBERTSON PRISCILLA; USELTON KYLE 摘要:A method for electrochemical synthesis of ammonia gas comprising providing an electrolyte between an anode and a cathode, providing hydrogen gas to the anode, oxidizing negatively charged nitrogen-containing species present in the electrolyte at the anode to form an adsorbed nitrogen species, and reacting the hydrogen with the adsorbed nitrogen species to form ammonia. Preferably, the hydrogen gas is provided to the anode by passing the hydrogen gas through a porous anode substrate. It is also preferred to produce the negatively charged nitrogen-containing species in the electrolyte by reducing nitrogen gas at the cathode. However, the negatively charged nitrogen-containing species may also be provided by supplying a nitrogen-containing salt, such as lithium nitride, into the molten salt electrolyte mixture in a sufficient amount to provide some or all of the nitrogen consumed in the production of ammonia.
专利号:US-3983145-A 优先权日:1973-11-01 标 题:Use of alpha-di(lower alkoxy) anthraquinones in the synthesis of Alizarin Saphirols 发明人:WHITE DAVID L; FITZPATRICK JOSEPH W 权利人:TOMS RIVER CHEMICAL CORP 摘要:Alpha-dihydroxyanthraquinones used as intermediates in the synthesis of many dyestuffs, such as the Alizarin Saphirols (e.g. Color Constitution No. 63000, 63005, 63010, 63011, 63315 and 63610) can be replaced on an equimolar basis by alpha-di(lower alkoxy)anthraquinones. The alpha-di(lower alkoxy) anthraquinones can be converted in a single step, by treatment with oleum, to the corresponding alpha-dihydroxyanthraquinone-beta-disulfonic acids in almost quantitative yield. The corresponding diamine is obtained by dinitrating followed by reduction of the nitro groups. The known intermediate, leuco 1,4,5,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone (see C.I. No. 62500) can be obtained either by reduction of the diamine or by reduction of the dinitro compound. In one embodiment, the alpha-di(lower alkoxy)anthraquinone is obtained from dinitroanthraquinone by treatment thereof with methanol and KOH.
专利号:US-3742080-A 优先权日:1969-04-11 标 题 :Rhodium based catalysts for the synthesis of 1,4-dienes 发明人:SU A 权利人:DU PONT 摘要:Improved catalysts are provided for the synthesis of 1,4-dienes from Alpha -monoolefins and conjugated dienes. The catalysts are rhodium (III) salts in combination with amides, phosphoramides, phosphine oxides, or water. The improved catalysts allow control of the trans-cis ratio of the 1,4-diene formed and are operable at useful rates in a wide range of solvent systems, both protonic and aprotic.
专利号:US-6712950-B2 优先权日:2002-03-04 标 题 :Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia 发明人:DENVIR ADRIAN; MURPHY OLIVER J; CISAR ALAN; ROBERTSON PRISCILLA; USELTON KYLE 权利人:LYNNTECH INC 摘要:A method for electrochemical synthesis of ammonia gas comprising providing an electrolyte between an anode and a cathode, providing hydrogen gas to the anode, oxidizing negatively charged nitrogen-containing species present in the electrolyte at the anode to form an adsorbed nitrogen species, and reacting the hydrogen with the adsorbed nitrogen species to form ammonia. Preferably, the hydrogen gas is provided to the anode by passing the hydrogen gas through a porous anode substrate. It is also preferred to produce the negatively charged nitrogen-containing species in the electrolyte by reducing nitrogen gas at the cathode. However, the negatively charged nitrogen-containing species may also be provided by supplying a nitrogen-containing salt, such as lithium nitride, into the molten salt electrolyte mixture in a sufficient amount to provide some or all of the nitrogen consumed in the production of ammonia.
专利号:US-6881308-B2 优先权日:2002-03-04 标 题 :Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia 发明人:DENVIR ADRIAN J; MURPHY OLIVER J; CISAR ALAN J; ROBERTSON PRISCILLA; USELTON KYLE 权利人:LYNNTECH INC 摘要:A method for electrochemical synthesis of ammonia gas comprising providing an electrolyte between an anode and a cathode, providing hydrogen gas to the anode, oxidizing negatively charged nitrogen-containing species present in the electrolyte at the anode to form an adsorbed nitrogen species, and reacting the hydrogen with the adsorbed nitrogen species to form ammonia. Preferably, the hydrogen gas is provided to the anode by passing the hydrogen gas through a porous anode substrate. It is also preferred to produce the negatively charged nitrogen-containing species in the electrolyte by reducing nitrogen gas at the cathode. However, the negatively charged nitrogen-containing species may also be provided by supplying a nitrogen-containing salt, such as lithium nitride, into the molten salt electrolyte mixture in a sufficient amount to provide some or all of the nitrogen consumed in the production of ammonia.
专利号:US-6342619-B2 优先权日:1999-04-01 标题:Synthesis of conjugated fatty acid 发明人:SEIDEL MICHAEL C 摘要:A synthesis process is disclosed for producing a conjugated fatty acid at specified temperature in high yield, including providing an ester of a fatty acid having somewhere in its carbon chain a chain of four carbon atoms such that carbon one bears one hydrogen and one hydroxyl group, carbon two bears two hydrogen atoms, and a double bond is positioned between carbon three and carbon four and reacting with a chloride selected from the group consisting of toluenesulfonyl chloride, methanesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, alkylsulfonyl chloride, and arylsulfonyl chloride at a temperature in the range of 10° C.-100° C., preferably 20° C.-50° C. The synthesis process provides a conjugated fatty acid formed from the ester reacted with diazabicycloundecene. In one aspect, the ester is formed in a pyridine solvent. In one aspect, a mesylate is formed with mesyl chloride in acetonitrile and triethyl amine. In one aspect, the reaction with diazabicyclo-undecene is conducted in a polar, non-hydroxylic solvent of acetonitrile to form a preferred isomer at the specified temperature in high yield.
摘要:Handbook of Toxicology, 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59, 1(118), 1955 参考文献:10.1107/s1600536810045034 摘要:Raza AR, Sultan A, Tahir MN, Rubab A. 2,4-Dinitro-1-naphthol. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2010 Nov 06;66(Pt 12):o3101. 参考文献:10.1007/s00418-017-1538-8 摘要:Gajda M, Jasztal A, Banasik T, Jasek-Gajda E, Chlopicki S. Combined orcein and martius scarlet blue (OMSB) staining for qualitative and quantitative analyses of atherosclerotic plaques in brachiocephalic arteries in apoE/LDLR−/− mice. Histochemistry and Cell Biology. 2017 Feb 06;147(6):671–81. doi: 10.1007/s00418-017-1538-8.