参考文献:10.1007/s11259-009-9236-1 摘要:Giorgi M, Del Carlo S, Saccomanni G, Łebkowska-Wieruszewska B, Kowalski CJ. Pharmacokinetic and urine profile of tramadol and its major metabolites following oral immediate release capsules administration in dogs. Veterinary Research Communications. 2009 Jun 16;33(8):875–85. doi: 10.1007/s11259-009-9236-1.