3-Guanidinopropionaldehyde置于pisum Sativum Aminoaldehyde Dehydrogenase 2,Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide体系中,化学反应生成 胍基丙酸 参考文献:Structural And Functional Characterization Of Plant Aminoaldehyde Dehydrogenase From Pisum Sativum With A Broad Specificity For Natural And Synthetic Aminoaldehydes 标题:Structural And Functional Characterization Of Plant Aminoaldehyde Dehydrogenase From Pisum Sativum With A Broad Specificity For Natural And Synthetic Aminoaldehydes 摘要:Aminoaldehyde Dehydrogenases (Amadhs,Ec 1.2.1.19) Belong To The Large Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (Aldh) Superfamily,Namely,The Aldh9 Family. They Oxidize Polyamine-Derived Omega-Aminoaldehydes To The Corresponding Omega-Amino Acids. Here,We Report The First X-Ray Structures Of Plant Amadhs: Two Isoenzymes,Psamadh1 And Psamadh2,From Pisum Sativum In Complex With Beta-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (Nad(+)) At 2.4 And 2.15 Angstrom Resolution,Respectively. Both Recombinant,Proteins Are Dimeric And,Similarly To Other Aldhs,Each Monomer Is Composed Of An Oligomerization Domain,A Coenzyme Binding Domain And A Catalytic Domain. Each Subunit Binds Nad(+) As A Coenzyme,Contains A Solvent-Accessible C-Terminal Peroxisomal Targeting Signal (Type 1) And A Cation Bound In The Cavity Close To The Nad(+) Binding Site. While The Nad(+) Binding Mode Is Classical For Psamadh2,That For Psamadh1 Is Unusual Among Aldhs. A Glycerol Molecule occupies The Substrate Binding Site And Mimics A Bound Substrate. Structural Analysis And Substrate Specificity Study Of Both Isoenzymes In Combination With Data Published Previously On Other Aldh9 Family Members Show That The Established Categorization Of Such Enzymes Into Distinct Groups Based On Substrate Specificity Is No More Appropriate,Because Many Of Them Seem Capable Of Oxidizing A Large Spectrum Of Aminoaldehyde Substrates. Psamadh1 And Psamadh2 Can Oxidize N,N,N-Trimethyl-4-Aminobutyraldehyde Into Gamma-Butyrobetaine,Which Is The Carnitine Precursor In Animal Cells. This Activity Highly Suggests That In Addition To Their Contribution To The Formation Of Compatible Osmolytes Such As Glycine Betaine,Beta-Alanine Betaine And Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid,Amadhs Might Participate In Carnitine Biosynthesis In Plants. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All Rights Reserved. DOI:10.1016/j.Jmb.2009.12.015
专利号:US-2005080260-A1 优先权日:2003-04-22 标 题 :Preparation of prodrugs for selective drug delivery 发明人:MILLS RANDELL L; WU GUO-ZHANG 摘要:Synthesis of a chemical compound having the formula A-B-C that may serve for applications such as drug delivery where A is a chemiluminescent, moiety, B is a photochromic moiety, and C is a biologically active moiety where A-B-C may serve as a prodrug. Novel synthetic methods of the present invention to form the prodrug comprised the steps of (1) forming a benzophenone, (2) forming a diaryl ethylene, (3) attaching a phthalimide moiety to at least one of the aryl groups of the ethylene to form a phthalimide-ethylene conjugate, (4) condensing two ethylene-phthalimide conjugates to form a phthalimide-pentadiene conjugate, (5) converting the phthalimide to the phthalhydrazide by reaction with hydrazine to form a carrier compound according to the present invention, and (6) reacting the carrier compound with an nucleophilic moiety of the drug to form the corresponding prodrug. Alternatively the carrier can be prepared by using the halo-substituted diaryl ethylene to make the corresponding cationic leuco dye-like compound with known methods. The cationic compound then is protected by reacting with a nucleophile and coupled with the aminophathalimide by palladium-catalyzed amination to form the protected phthalimide-pentadiene conjugate. The latter is refluxed with hydrazine to convert its phthalimide to the phthalhydrazide and acidified to give the carrier. An additional aspect of the present invention relates to the use of these compounds as antiviral agents for the treatment of viral infections such as HIV and as anticancer agents for the treatment of cancers such as bowel, lung, and breast cancer.
专利号:US-9453037-B2 优先权日:2011-07-28 标 题 :Methylphenidate-prodrugs, processes of making and using the same 发明人:GUENTHER SVEN; CHI GUOCHEN; BERA BINDU; MICKLE TRAVIS; BERA SANJIB 权利人:KEMPHARM INC; KEMPHARM INC 摘要:The present technology is directed to prodrugs and compositions for the treatment of various diseases and/or disorders comprising methylphenidate, or methylphenidate derivatives, conjugated to at least one alcohol, amine, oxoacid, thiol, or derivatives thereof. In some embodiments, the conjugates further include at least one linker. The present technology also relates to the synthesis of methylphenidate, or methylphenidate derivatives, conjugated to at least one alcohol, amine, oxoacid, thiol, or derivatives thereof or combinations thereof.
专利号:WO-2016110822-A1 优先权日:2015-01-09 标题 :Carboxylic biacyl creatine derivative, uses and method of synthesis thereof 发明人:GARBATI PATRIZIA; MILLO ENRICO; BALESTRINO MAURIZIO; SALIS ANNALISA; ADRIANO ENRICO; DAMONTE GIANLUCA 权利人:UNIV DEGLI STUDI GENOVA 摘要:The invention relates to a novel creatine derivative, the carboxylic biacyl creatine derivative of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, methods of synthesis and the use thereof in the treatment of pathologies due to deficiency of cerebral creatine, such as creatine transporter deficiency, AGAT enzyme deficiency and GAMT enzyme deficiency.
专利号:WO-2005102340-A1 优先权日:2003-05-30 标题 :Piperazine melanocortin-specific compounds 发明人:SHARMA SHUBH D; SHI YI-QUN; WU ZHIJUN; RAJPUROHIT RAMESH 权利人:PALATIN TECHNOLOGIES INC; SHARMA SHUBH D; SHI YI-QUN; WU ZHIJUN; RAJPUROHIT RAMESH 摘要:Melanocortin receptor-specific piperazine or ketopiperazine compounds having the structure (I); and stereoisomer and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where X is CH2 or C=O, R1, R2, and R3 are as described in the specification, preferably where R3 is a D-amino acid with at least one substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl aromatic ring, and where R3 optionally further includes an amine capping group, a second amino acid residue or a second amino acid residue with an amine capping group, which compounds are agonists, antagonists or mixed agonists and antagonists at one or more melanocortin receptors, and having utility in the treatment of melanocortin receptor-related disorders and conditions. Methods of synthesis of compounds of structure (I), pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound of structure (I) and methods relating to the use thereof are also disclosed.
专利号:US-2005027005-A1 优先权日:2003-08-02 标题 :Nutrient compositions and methods for sustenance and promotion of positive metabolic energy levels in a targeted manner 发明人:BOLDT MATTHIAS 摘要:Nutrient compositions and methods that sustain and promote positive metabolic energy levels in a targeted manner are disclosed. Methods utilize endogenous energy stores (fat oxidation), increase use of those stores (increasing transport rate), increase available energy (increasing the ability to perform ADP to ATP phosphorylation,) as well as decrease catabolism and increase protein synthesis. Compositions are also disclosed, and include Mono- or Dicreatine-HMB salt; Putrescine Dihydrochloride; Alanine; L-Glutamine, which may be combined with Alanine in a 1:2 to 2:1 molecular ratio; Trimethylglycine; and Guanidinopropionic Acid.
专利号:US-2011296543-A1 优先权日:2006-06-01 标题:Nucleic acids and proteins and methods for making and using them 发明人:CHANG HWAI; MATHUR ERIC J; CAYOUETTE MICHELLE; ROBERTSON DAN E; HUGENHOLTZ PHILIP; WARNECKE FALK; LEADBETTER JARED R; IVANOVA NATALIA; LUGINBUHL PETER; HUTCHISON DON 权利人:CHANG HWAI; MATHUR ERIC J; CAYOUETTE MICHELLE; ROBERTSON DAN E; HUGENHOLTZ PHILIP; WARNECKE FALK; LEADBETTER JARED R; IVANOVA NATALIA; LUGINBUHL PETER; HUTCHISON DON; UNIV CALIFORNIA; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECHN; VERENIUM CORP 摘要:The invention provides polypeptides, including enzymes, structural proteins and binding proteins, polynucleotides encoding these polypeptides, and methods of making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. Polypeptides, including enzymes and antibodies, and nucleic acids of the invention can be used in industrial, experimental, food and feed processing, nutritional and pharmaceutical applications, e.g., for food and feed supplements, colorants, neutraceuticals, cosmetic and pharmaceutical needs. Polypeptides of the invention can be used in food processing, brewing, bath additives, alcohol production, peptide synthesis, enantioselectivity, hide preparation in the leather industry, waste management and animal degradation, silver recovery in the photographic industry, medical treatment, silk degumming, biofilm degradation, biomass conversion to a biofuel (e.g., a bioethanol, biomethanol, biopropanol or biobutanol, a biodiesel, etc.), biodefense, antimicrobial agents and disinfectants, personal care and cosmetics, biotech reagents, in corn wet milling and pharmaceuticals such as digestive aids and anti-inflammatory (anti-phlogistic) agents.
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合成参考文献
参考文献:10.1681/asn.v1291819 摘要:García-Delgado M, Peral MJ, Cano M, Calonge ML, Ilundáin AA. Creatine transport in brush-border membrane vesicles isolated from rat kidney cortex. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2001 Sep;12(9):1819–25. doi: 10.1681/asn.v1291819. 参考文献:10.1007/s00424-002-0787-z 摘要:Levillain O, Marescau B, Possemiers I, De Deyn P. Dehydration modifies guanidino compound concentrations in the different zones of the rat kidney. Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology. 2002 May;444(1-2):143–52. doi: 10.1007/s00424-002-0787-z. 参考文献:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02410.x 摘要:Dominy J, Thinschmidt JS, Peris J, Dawson R, Papke RL. Taurine‐induced long‐lasting potentiation in the rat hippocampus shows a partial dissociation from total hippocampal taurine content and independence from activation of known taurine transporters. Journal of Neurochemistry. 2004 Apr 26;89(5):1195–205. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02410.x. 参考文献:10.1007/s007010170052 摘要:Clark JF, Pyne GJ, Choutka J, Carrozzella JA, Khoury J, Broderick JP, Cadoux-Hudson TA. In vitro therapy with dobutamine, isoprenaline and sodium nitroprusside protects vascular smooth muscle metabolism from subarachnoid haemorrhage induced cerebral vasospasm. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2001;143(7):721–8. doi: 10.1007/s007010170052.