
CAS Name: [2S-(2a,4aa,4bb,7E,8b,8aa,10ab)]-3-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid 7-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-2-oxoethylidene]tetradecahydro-1,1,4a,8-tetramethyl-9-oxo-2-phenanthrenyl ester
Percent...
Literature References: Cardiotonic principle from the bark of Erythrophleum couminga Baillon, Leguminosae. Isoln: Ruzicka et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 24, 63 (1941). Structure: Ruzicka et al., ibid. 1449.
CAS Name: [1R-(1a,2E,4aa,4bb,7b,8aa,10b,10ab)]-(Dodecahydro-7,10-dihydroxy-1,4b,8,8-tetramethyl-2(1H)-phenanthrenylidene)acetic acid 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester
Additional Names: (E)-3b,7b-dih...
Literature References: Cardiotonic principle from the bark of Erythrophleum guineense G. Don., Leguminosae. Isoln and structure: Ruzicka, Dalma, Helv. Chim. Acta 23, 753 (1940); Engel, ibid. 42, 1127 (1959). Synthesis: Turner et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 1766 (1966). Stereochemistry: Clarke et al., ibid. 88, 5865 (1966).
CAS Name: y,y-Carotene
Additional Names: (all-trans)-lycopene
Percent Composition: C 89.49%, H 10.51%
Literature References: Carotenoid antioxidant occurring in ripe fruit, especially in tomatoes. One kg of fresh ripe tomatoes yields 0.02 g lycopene. Isoln procedure: R. Willstätter, H. H. Escher, Z. Physiol. Chem. 64, 47 (1910). Chromatographic sepn from other carotenoids: A. Winterstein, ibid. 215, 51 (1933); A. Winterstein, G. Stein, ibid. 220, 247 (1933). HPLC determn in plasma: M. V. Vertzoni et al., J. Chromatogr. B 819, 149 (2005). Structure: Willstätter, Escher, loc. cit.; Karrer and collaborators: Helv. Chim. Acta 11, 751, 1201 (1928); 12, 285 (1929); 13, 1084 (1930); 14, 435 (1931); Kuhn, Grundmann, Ber. 65, 898, 1880 (1932). Synthesis: P. Karrer et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 33, 1349 (1950); O. Isler et al., ibid. 39, 463 (1956). Commercial prepn: Kabbe et al., DE 1168890 (1964 to Bayer). Oral toxicity study: W. Mellert et al., Food Chem. Toxicol. 40, 1581 (2002). Review of antioxidant activity and role in human health: A. V. Rao, S. Agarwal, Nutr. Res. 19, 305-323 (1999).
CAS Name: y,y-Carotene-16-ol
Additional Names: (all-trans)-lycopen-16-ol
Percent Composition: C 86.90%, H 10.21%, O 2.89%
Literature References: Carotenoid isolated from Solanum dulcamara L., Lycopersicum esculentum Mill., Solanaceae; Tamus communis L., Dioscoreaceae. Isoln by chromatography and structure: Zechmeister, Cholnoky, Ber. 69, 422 (1936). Structure: Karrer et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 13, 268, 1084 (1930); 14, 614, 843 (1931); Winterstein, Angew. Chem. 72, 902 (1960). Revised structure: Cholnoky, Szabolcs, Tetrahedron Lett. 1968, 1931. Stereochemistry: Kelly et al., Acta Chem. Scand. 25, 1607 (1971). Total synthesis: Kjosen, Liaaen-jensen, ibid. 1500.
CAS Name: (3R)-b,y-Caroten-3-ol
Percent Composition: C 86.90%, H 10.21%, O 2.89%
Literature References: Carotenoid isomeric with cryptoxanthin. Isolated from hipberries (rose hips, Rosa rubiginosa L., Rosaceae): Kuhn, Grundmann, Ber. 67, 339, 1133 (1934); from the flowers of Tagetes patula L., Compositae. Found also in other Rosa varieties. Structural studies: Brown, Weedon, Chem. Commun. 1968, 382. Abs config: L. Bartlett et al., J. Chem. Soc. C 1969, 2527. Biosynthesis studies: McDermott et al., Biochem. J. 134, 1115 (1973). Has no vitamin A activity.
CAS Name: (3S,3'S,5R,5'R,6S,6'R)-3'-(Acetyloxy)-6',7'-didehydro-5,6-epoxy-5,5',6,6',7,8-hexahydro-3,5'-dihydroxy-8-oxo-b,b-carotene
Additional Names: 6',7'-didehydro-5,6-epoxy-4',5,5',6,7,8-hex...
Literature References: Carotenoid pigment found in fresh brown algae: Fucus virsoides (Don) J. Ag., Fucaceae. Also found in Zygnema pectinatum (Vauch.) Ag., Zygnemaceae and in Polysiphonia nigrescens (Dillw.) Grev., Rhodomelaceae. Isoln: Karrer et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 14, 628 (1931); Willstätter, Page, Ann. 404, 237 (1914). Structure: Bonnet et al., Chem. Commun. 1966, 515; J. Chem. Soc. C 1969, 429. Abs config: DeVille et al., Chem. Commun. 1969, 1311; K. Bernhard et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1976, 115.
CAS Name: 3',4'-Didehydro-b,y-caroten-16'-oic acid
Percent Composition: C 85.06%, H 9.28%, O 5.67%
Literature References: Carotenoid pigment found in Torula rubra and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa yeasts. Isoln: Karrer, Rutschmann, Helv. Chim. Acta 26, 2109 (1943). Structure and synthesis: Isler et al., ibid. 42, 864 (1959).
CAS Name: 4',5'-Didehydro-4,5-retro-b,b-carotene-3,3'-dione
Percent Composition: C 85.36%, H 8.95%, O 5.69%
Literature References: Carotenoid pigment found widely distributed in nature, but in very small amounts only. One of very few carotenoids with retro configuration. Best isolated from the arils of Taxus baccata L., Taxaceae: Kuhn, Brockmann, Ber. 66, 828 (1933). Occurs also in the feathers of birds such as Phoenicircus nigricollis, Megaloprepia magnifica. Isoln: Volker, Z. Physiol. Chem. 292, 75 (1953). Structure: Kuhn, Brockmann, loc. cit.; Karrer, Solmssen, Helv. Chim. Acta 18, 477 (1935). Synthesis: Mayer et al., ibid. 50, 1606 (1967); Surmatis, Walser, US 3466331; US 3624105 (1969, 1971 to Hoffmann-La Roche); P. R. Ellis et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 64, 1092 (1981); E. Widmer et al., ibid. 65, 944 (1982). Review: Liaaen-Jensen in Aspects Terpenoid Chem. Biochem., Proc. Phytochem. Soc. Symp., 2nd, 1970, T. W. Goodwin, Ed. (Academic Press, London, 1971) p 223-254.
CAS Name: 3,3',4,4'-Tetradehydro-1,1',2,2'-tetrahydro-1,1'-dimethoxy-y,y-carotene
Additional Names: 3,3',4,4'-tetradehydro-1,1',2,2'-tetrahydro-1,1'-dimethoxylycopene; spirilloxanthin
Percen...
Literature References: Carotenoid pigment isolated from Rhodovibrio and Thioceptis bacteria: Karrer, Solmssen, Helv. Chim. Acta 18, 1306 (1935). Identity with spirilloxanthin: Zechmeister et al., Arch. Biochem. 5, 243 (1944). Structure: Karrer, Koenig, Helv. Chim. Acta 23, 460 (1940); Barber et al., Proc. Chem. Soc. London 1959, 96. Synthesis: Surmatis, Ofner, J. Org. Chem. 28, 2735 (1963); Surmatis, US 3160658 (1964 to Hoffmann-La Roche).
CAS Name: b,b-Caroten-4-one
Additional Names: 4-oxo-b-carotene; 4-keto-b-carotene; aphanin; myoxanthin
Percent Composition: C 87.21%, H 9.88%, O 2.90%
Literature References: Carotenoid pigment occurring in algae. Isoln from Aphanizomenon flos-aqua: Tischer, Z. Physiol. Chem. 251, 109 (1938); 260, 257 (1939); from Paracentrotus lividus: Lederer, Compt. Rend. 201, 300 (1935); from Oscillatoria rubrescens: Heilbron, Lythgoe, J. Chem. Soc. 1936, 1376. Structure: Goodwin, Taha, Biochem. J. 47, 244 (1950); 48, 513 (1951); Goodwin, ibid. 63, 481 (1956); Ganguly et al., Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 60, 345 (1956). Synthesis: Akhtar, Weedon, J. Chem. Soc. 1958, 3986; 1959, 4058.
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