
CAS Name: 1,4-Dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid methyl 2-[methyl(phenylmethyl)amino]ethyl ester
Percent Composition: C 65.12%, H 6.10%, N 8.76%, O 20.02%
Literature References: Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. Prepn: M. Murakami et al., BE 811324; eidem, US 3985758 (1974, 1976 both to Yamanouchi); M. Iwanami et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 27, 1426 (1979). Vasodilator profile: T. Takenaka et al., Arzneim.-Forsch. 26, 2172 (1976). Absorption, excretion, metabolism: S. Higuchi et al., Xenobiotica 7, 469 (1977). Clinical pharmacology: T. Seki, T. Takenaka, Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Biopharm. 15, 267 (1977). Mechanism of action: K. Satoh et al., Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 7, 249 (1980). Acute toxicity study: Y. Odani, T. Sado, Oyo Yakuri 18, 301 (1979), C.A. 92, 104384u (1980). Symposium: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 20, Suppl. 1, 1S-208S (1985). Clinical synergy with captopril, q.v.: K. A. Conrad et al., Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 42, 113 (1987). Review of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy: E. M. Sorkin, S. P. Clissold, Drugs 33, 296-345 (1987).
CAS Name: 4-(4-Benzofurazanyl)-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid methyl 1-methylethyl ester
Additional Names: isopropyl 4-(2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)-1,4-dihydro-5-methoxyca...
Literature References: Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. Prepn: P. Neumann, DE 2949491; idem, US 4466972 (1980, 1984 both to Sandoz). Prepn of enantiomers: A. Vogel, DE 3320616 (1983 to Sandoz), C.A. 101, 7162s (1984). Comparative study of in vitro effects on human and canine cerebral arteries: E. Müller-Schweinitzer, P. Neumann, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 3, 354 (1983). Effect on a-adrenoceptor mediated vasoconstriction in rats: K. Jie et al., Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 278, 72 (1985). Pharmacokinetics: F. L. S. Tee, J. M. Jaffe, Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 32, 361 (1987). Clinical evaluation in angina and coronary artery disease: C. E. Handler, E. Sowton, ibid. 27, 415 (1984); in hypertension: E. B. Nelson et al., Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 40, 694 (1986). Comparison of hemodynamic effects of enantiomers: R. P. Hof et al., J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 8, 221 (1986). Series of articles on pharmacology and clinical use: Am. J. Med. 86, 1-146 (1989).
CAS Name: 1,4-Dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid 2-methoxyethyl (2E)-3-phenyl-2-propenyl ester
Additional Names: (±)-(E)-cinnamyl 2-methoxyethyl 1,4-dihyd...
Literature References: Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. Prepn: T. Kutsuma et al., EP 161877; eidem, US 4672068 (1985, 1987 both to Fujirebio). Pharmacology: K. Ikeda et al., Oyo Yakuri 44, 433 (1992). Mechanism of action study: M. Hosono et al., J. Pharmacobio-Dyn. 15, 547 (1992). LC-MS determn in plasma: K. Hatada et al., J. Chromatogr. 583, 116 (1992). Clinical study: M. Ishii, Jpn. Pharmacol. Ther. 21, 59 (1993). Acute toxicity study: S. Wada et al., Yakuri to Chiryo 20, Suppl. 7, S1683 (1992), C.A. 118, 32711 (1992).
CAS Name: 2-Cyano-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid 3-methyl 5-(1-methylethyl) ester
Additional Names: 5-isopropyl-3-methyl-2-cyano-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl-4-(m-...
Literature References: Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. Prepn: Y. Sato, BE 879263; idem, US 4338322 (1980, 1982 both to Fujisawa). Structural studies: A. Miyamae et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 34, 3071 (1986). Determn in plasma and urine: Y. Tokuma et al., J. Chromatogr. 415, 156 (1987). Preliminary pharmacokinetics and resolution of enantiomers: eidem, J. Pharm. Sci. 76, 310 (1987). Pharmacokinetics in rabbits: Y. Nezasa et al., Kankyo Igaku Kenkyusho Nenpo 38, 200 (1987), C.A. 107, 89273q (1987). Mode of action: P. A. Molyvdas, N. Sperelakis, J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 8, 449 (1986). Cardiovascular effects: G. J. Gross et al., Gen. Pharmacol. 14, 677 (1983). Clinical evaluation in hypertension: K. Mizuno et al., Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 52, 3 (1986).
CAS Name: 2-[(2-Aminoethoxy)methyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid 3-ethyl 5-methyl ester
Additional Names: (±)-2-[(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]-4-(2-chloro...
Literature References: Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker; activity resides mainly in the (-)-isomer. Prepn: S. F. Campbell et al., EP 89167; eidem, US 4572909 (1983, 1986 both to Pfizer). Synthesis and pharmacology of racemate and enantiomers: J. E. Arrowsmith et al., J. Med. Chem. 29, 1696 (1986). Calcium antagonist activity: R. A. Burges et al., J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 9, 110 (1987). GC determn in plasma: A. P. Beresford et al., J. Chromatogr. 420, 178 (1987). Metabolism: idem et al., Xenobiotica 18, 245 (1988). Review of pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy: M. Haria, A. J. Wagstaff, Drugs 50, 560-586 (1995). Clinical potential in severe heart failure: M. Packer et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 335, 1107 (1996). Review of mechanism of plaque stabilization: R. P. Mason, Atherosclerosis 165, 191-199 (2002); of clinical potential in combination with atorvastatin in atherosclerosis: J. W. Jukema, J. W. A. van der Hoorn, Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 5, 459-468 (2004).
CAS Name: 2-Amino-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid 3-[1-(diphenylmethyl)-3-azetidinyl] 5-(1-methylethyl) ester
Additional Names: (±)-3-(1-diphenylmethyl...
Literature References: Dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker. Prepn: H. Koike et al., EP 266922; eidem, US 4772596 (both 1988 to Sankyo); T. Kobayashi et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 43, 797 (1995). Clinical evaluation in hypertension: M. Arita et al., J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 33, 186 (1999). Review of pharmacology: Y. Yagil, A. Lustig, Cardiovasc. Drug Rev. 13, 137-148 (1995); of development, pharmacokinetics, safety, and clinical experience: H. Koike et al., Annu. Rep. Sankyo Res. Lab. 54, 1-64 (2002); of pharmacology and clinical experience: K. Wellington, L. J. Scott, Drugs 63, 2613-2621 (2003).
CAS Name: 2-Hydroxy-6-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]benzoic acid
Additional Names: 6-(p-hydroxyphenethyl)salicylic acid
Percent Composition: C 69.76%, H 5.46%, O 24.78%
Literature References: Dihydrostilbene growth inhibitor isolated from liverworts and algae. Isoln from Lunularia cruciata (L.) Dum., Lunulariaceae, and characterization: I. F. M. Valio et al., Nature 223, 1178 (1969); I. F. M. Valio, W. W. Schwab, J. Exp. Bot. 21, 138 (1970); from more than 70 species of liverwort: J. Gorham, Phytochemistry 16, 249 (1977); from cultures of Marchantia polymorphia: S. Abe, Y. Ohta, ibid. 22, 1917 (1983). Synthesis: Y. Arai et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1972, 1615; S. Haneck, K. Schreiber, DD 126866 (1977 to Akad. Wissenschaft. D.D.R.), C.A. 88, 152249t (1978). Effect on liverwort growth: J. Gorham, Phytochemistry 17, 99 (1978). Metabolism by L. cruciata: R. J. Pryce, ibid. 11, 1355 (1972).
CAS Name: 3,3'-Azobis(6-hydroxybenzoic acid)
Additional Names: C.I. Mordant Yellow 5; 3,3'-dicarboxy-4,4'-dihydroxyazobenzene; 5,5'-azobis(salicylic acid); azodisal
Percent Composition: C 55...
Literature References: Dimer of mesalamine, q.v., originally used as a mordant dye. Prepn: DE 278613; C. Mettler, US 1157169 (1914, 1915 both to J. R. Geigy). Improved prepn: K. H. Agback, A. S. Nygren, EP 36636; eidem, US 4528367 (1981, 1985 both to Pharmacia AB). HPLC determn in biological samples: R. A. van Hogezand et al., J. Chromatogr. 305, 470 (1984). In vitro effect on fecal bacteria: H. Sandberg-Gertzen et al., Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 20, 607 (1985). Clinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism: C. P. Willoughby et al., Gut 23, 1081 (1982). Clinical trial in ulcerative colitis: H. Sandberg-Gertzen et al., Gastroenterology 90, 1024 (1986). Review of clinical experience in inflammatory bowel disease: A. N. Wadworth, A. Fitton, Drugs 41, 647-664 (1991).
CAS Name: [m7-[7-[[6-O-[6-Deoxy-2,3,4-tri-O-(sulfo-kO)-a-L-mannopyranosyl]-2,3,4-tri-O-(sulfo-kO)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-[4-methoxy-3-[(sulfo-kO)oxy]pheny]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-onato(7-)...
Literature References: Diosmin, q.v., heptakis (hydrogen sulfate) aluminum complex. Prepn: A. Orjales-Venero, R. Mosquera-Pestana, EP 558435; eidem, US 5296469 (1993, 1994 both to FAES). In vivo protective effect in exptl colitis: I. Villegas et al., Eur. J. Pharmacol. 460, 209 (2003). Series of articles on pharmacology, toxicity and clinical studies as gastroprotectant and antiulcerative: Drugs Today 36 (Suppl. A), 25-85 (2000).
CAS Name: N-[(2S,3R)-3-Amino-2-hydroxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutyl]-L-leucineTrademarks: Bestatin (Nippon Kayaku)
Percent Composition: C 62.32%, H 7.84%, N 9.08%, O 20.75%
Literature References: Dipeptide antitumor antibiotic produced by Streptomyces olivoreticuli with immunostimulant activity; inhibits leucine aminopeptidase and aminopeptidases B and N. Prepn from fermentation broth: H. Umezawa et al., DE 2528984; eidem, US 4052449 (1976, 1977 both to Microbiochem. Res. Found., Japan); eidem, J. Antibiot. 29, 97 (1976). Structure: H. Suda et al., ibid. 100. Synthesis of stereoisomers and structure-activity study: R. Nishizawa et al., J. Med. Chem. 20, 510 (1977). Stereocontrolled synthesis: S. Kobayashi et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 25, 5079 (1984). Crystal structure: J. S. Ricci, Jr. et al., J. Org. Chem. 47, 3063 (1982). Cell surface binding studies: H. Umezawa et al., J. Antibiot. 29, 857 (1976); W. E. Müller et al., Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 4, 393 (1982). Acute toxicity: T. Sakakibara et al., Jpn. J. Antibiot. 36, 2971 (1983). Review of pharmacology: G. Mathé, Biomed. Pharmacother. 45, 49-54 (1991); of clinical studies: K. Ota, ibid. 55-60. Clinical trial in squamous-cell lung carcinoma: Y. Ichinose et al., J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 95, 605 (2003).
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