Allithiamine CAS# 554-44-9 蒜硫胺

Allithiamine (thiamine allyl disulfide) is a lipid-soluble thiamine derivative with higher cellular uptake than thiamine. In vitro, it more efficiently increases intracellular thiamine diphosphate and activates thiamine-dependent enzymes (e.g., transketolase, pyruvate dehydrogenase), restoring enzyme activity in thiamine-deficient cells at lower micromolar concentrations than thiamine; it also shows cytoprotective effects against oxidative and metabolic stress in neuronal and muscle cell models. In vivo, oral allithiamine produces markedly higher blood and tissue thiamine levels than equimolar thiamine, with enhanced accumulation in brain and peripheral nerves; in rodent models of thiamine deficiency or neuropathy, it improves nerve conduction velocity, motor performance, and fatigue resistance, and normalizes carbohydrate metabolism. Overall, allithiamine demonstrates superior bioavailability and functional correction of thiamine-dependent deficits in animal models.