
CAS Name: (2R,3S)-rel-1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol
Additional Names: meso-erythritol; tetrahydroxybutane; erythrol; erythrite; antierythrite; erythroglucin; phycite
Percent Composition: C 39.34%, H ...
Literature References: All natural bulk sweetener found in various fruits and fermented foods; 60 to 70% as sweet as sucrose. Isoln from algae, lichens, grasses: Bamberger, Landsiedl, Monatsh. Chem. 21, 571 (1900); Hesse, J. Prakt. Chem. 92, 425 (1915); Hofmann, Ber. 7, 508 (1874). Prepn by Aspergillus niger: Yuill, Nature 162, 652 (1948); by Penicillium herquei: Galarraga et al., Biochem. J. 61, 456 (1955); from 2-butene-1,4-diol: Reppe, Schnabel, DE 734025 (1943 to I. G. Farbenind.); from periodate-oxidized starch: Jeanes, Hudson, J. Org. Chem. 20, 1565 (1955). Structure: Shimada, Acta Crystallogr. 11, 748 (1958). Review of metabolism, toxicology and clinical safety studies: I. C. Munro et al., Food Chem. Toxicol. 36, 1139-1174 (1998); of use in beverage industry: P. de Cock, C.-L. Bechert, Pure Appl. Chem. 74, 1281-1289 (2002).
CAS Name: b,b-Carotene-4,4'-dione
Additional Names: 4,4'-dioxo-b-carotene; Food Orange 8; C.I. 40850
Trademarks: Carophyll Red (Roche); Orobronze (Applipharm); Roxanthin Red 10 (Roche); Caro...
Literature References: All trans-carotenoid pigment widely distributed in nature. Isoln from the edible mushroom Cantharellus cinnabarinus Adans. ex Fr., Agaricaceae: Haxo, Bot. Gaz. 112, 228 (1950); also isolated from flamingo feathers. Structure and synthesis: Isler et al., Verh. Naturforsch. Ges. Basel 67, 379 (1956); Zeller et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 42, 841 (1959). Alternate syntheses: M. Akhtar, B. C. L. Weedon, J. Chem. Soc. 1959, 4058; R. Rüegg, G. Saucy, US 2983752 and J. D. Surmatis, US 3311656 (1961, 1967 both to Hoffmann-La Roche); J. D. Surmatis et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 53, 974 (1970); M. Rosenberger et al., Pure Appl. Chem. 51, 871 (1979); eidem, J. Org. Chem. 47, 2130 (1982).
CAS Name: 2-[4-[2-[(3,5-Dimethylphenyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl]phenoxy]-2-methylpropanoic acid
Additional Names: 2-4-[[(3,5-dimethylanilino)carbonyl]methyl]phenoxy-2-methylpropionic acidPercent Compo...
Literature References: Allosteric modifier of hemoglobin (Hb). Binds in the central water cavity of the Hb molecule causing a conformational change such that bound oxygen is released more readily. Prepd not claimed: D. J. Abraham et al., US 5049695 (1991 to Center Innovative Technol.); eidem., J. Med. Chem. 34, 752 (1991). Oxygen binding affinities and mechanism of action: D. J. Abraham et al., Biochemistry 31, 9141 (1992). Effect on myocardial oxygen concentration: P. S. Pagel et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 285, 1 (1998). Antimetastatic effects: B. A. Teicher et al., Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 42, 24 (1998). Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: L. Kleinberg et al., J. Clin. Oncol. 17, 2593 (1999). Clinical evaluation in brain tumor therapy: eidem, ibid. 20, 3149 (2002).
Additional Names: Mercuric potassium iodide
Percent Composition: Hg 25.51%, I 64.55%, K 9.94%
Literature References: Also crystallizes with 1-2 mols H2O.
Additional Names: Polyoxymethylene
Trademarks: Paraform; Formagene
Literature References: Also erroneously referred to as Triformol or as "trioxymethylene". Polymerized formaldehyde, (CH2O)n. Obtained by concentrating formaldehyde soln. Use in mummifying dental pulp: I. Curson, Br. Dent. J. 121, 519 (1966); P. Hobson, ibid. 128, 275 (1970).
CAS Name: Bis(2,4-pentanedionato-O,O')nickel
Additional Names: bisacetylacetonatonickel(II); bis(2,4-pentanediono)nickel(II); 2,4-pentanedione nickel complex
Percent Composition: C 46.75%, H...
Literature References: Also Ni(acac)2 or Ni(AA)2. Prepn from acetylacetone and Ni(OH)2: Gach, Monatsh. Chem. 21, 103 (1900); from acetylacetone and NiCl2.6H2O: Charles, Pawlikowski, J. Phys. Chem. 62, 440 (1958); from 4-diethylamino-3-pentene-2-one and NiCl2.6H2O: Gash, Can. J. Chem. 45, 2109 (1967). See also Fernelius, Bryant, Inorg. Synth. 5, 105 (1957). Exists as a trimer in the solid state: Bullen, Nature 177, 537 (1956); Bullen et al., Inorg. Chem. 4, 456 (1965); as a monomer in the vapor phase: Fackler et al., J. Phys. Chem. 72, 4631 (1972). Structure of dihydrate: Montgomery, Lingafelter, Acta Crystallogr. 17, 1481 (1964).
CAS Name: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde
Additional Names: o-phthaldialdehyde
Trademarks: Cidex OPA (J J)
Percent Composition: C 71.64%, H 4.51%, O 23.86%
Literature References: Alternative to glutaraldehyde, q.v. for high-level disinfenction. Prepn: A. Colson, H. Gautier, Bull. Soc. Chim. 45, 509 (1886); J. Thiele, O. Günther, Ann. 347, 106 (1906); T. C. Chaudhuri, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 64, 315 (1942). Polarographic determn: N. H. Furman, D. R. Norton, Anal. Chem. 26, 1111 (1954). Use in fluorogenic determn of peptides: M. Roth, ibid. 43, 880 (1971); T. M. Joys, H. Kim, Anal. Biochem. 94, 371 (1979); of biological thiols: K. Mopper, D. Delmas, Anal. Chem. 56, 2557 (1984). Biocidal properties: S. E. Walsh et al., J. Appl. Microbiol. 86, 1039 (1999). Mechanism of antibacterial action: idem et al., ibid. 87, 702 (1999). Bactericidal efficacy study: J. C. N. Shackelford et al., J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 57, 335 (2006). Hospital disinfection of endoscopes: S. M. Hession, Gastroenterol. Nurs. 26, 110 (2003). Review of reactivity with nucleophiles: P. Zuman, Chem. Rev. 104, 3217-3238 (2004).
CAS Name: m-Oxohexaphenyldiphosphorus(2+) salt with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (1:2)
Additional Names: triphenylphosphonium anhydride trifluoromethanesulfonate; POP
Percent Composition: C...
Literature References: Alternative to Mitsunobu reagents for the esterification of primary alcohols. Synthesis method: J. B. Hendrickson, S. M. Schwartzman, Tetrahedron Lett. 16, 277 (1975). Prepn: A. Aaberb et al., ibid. 20, 2263 (1979). Synthetic applications as a dehydration agent: J. B. Hendrickson, Md. S. Hussoin, J. Org. Chem. 52, 4137 (1987); eidem et al., Synlett 1996, 661; and X-ray crystal structure determn: S.-L. You et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 42, 83 (2003). Mechanism of dehydration reactions vs the Mitsunobu reaction: K. E. Elson et al., Org. Biomol. Chem. 1, 2958 (2003).
Additional Names: Human growth hormone-releasing factor(1-29)amide; human pancreatic somatoliberin(1-29)amide; GRF(1-29)NH2; hpGRF(1-29)NH2Trademarks: Geref (Serono); Groliberin (Kabi)
Percent ...
Literature References: Amidated fragment of human somatoliberin, q.v. Characterization of in vitro activity: J. Rivier et al., Nature 300, 276 (1982). Prepn: N. Ling et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 123, 854 (1984); J. E. F. Rivier et al., US 4703035 (1987 to Salk Inst. Biol. Stud.). Clinical pharmacology: M. Losa et al., Klin. Wochenschr. 62, 1140 (1984). Clinical evaluation in growth hormone deficiency: M. B. Ranke et al., Eur. J. Pediatr. 145, 485 (1986); R. Hümmelink et al., Acta Paediatr. Scand. Suppl. 331, 48 (1987). Field trial in pigs and dairy heifers: D. Petitclerc et al., J. Anim. Sci. 65, 996 (1987).
CAS Name: 2-Hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methoxy-5-(2-propenyl)benzamide
Additional Names: 5-allyl-2-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-m-anisamide; 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-allyl-N-(b-hydroxyethyl)benzam...
Literature References: Amide analog of eugenol, q.v. Prepn: FR 1584715; F. Clémence, O. Le Martret, US 3668238 (1967, 1972 both to Roussel). Synthesis and pharmacologic activity: F. Clémence et al., Chim. Ther. 5, 188 (1970).
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